Indian Hawthorn (Rhaphiolepis indica) is a popular evergreen shrub, valued for its attractive foliage and spring flowers. It is often used in landscaping as hedges, foundation plantings, or as a focal point. Proper nutrition is important for its health, robust growth, and abundant flowering, ensuring the plant thrives.
When to Fertilize Indian Hawthorn
Fertilizing Indian Hawthorn supports its health, promotes vigorous growth, and encourages abundant flowering. The optimal time to fertilize is in early spring, just before new growth begins. This timing provides essential nutrients as the plant emerges from dormancy and enters its active growth phase. A secondary, lighter feeding can be beneficial in mid-summer or late summer to support continued growth and blooming, especially for younger or struggling plants. Avoid fertilizing in late fall or winter when the plant is dormant, as this can lead to nutrient wastage or potential damage.
Signs that an Indian Hawthorn might require fertilization include stunted growth, pale or yellowing leaves, and poor flowering. For instance, yellowing leaves often indicate a lack of nitrogen, while purplish discoloration may point to a phosphorus deficiency. Browning edges on leaves can suggest a potassium deficiency.
Choosing the Right Fertilizer for Indian Hawthorn
A balanced fertilizer, such as a 10-10-10 NPK (Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium) ratio, is recommended for flowering shrubs. This blend provides nutrients for both vegetative growth and bloom production. While some sources suggest slightly higher phosphorus for more blooms, a balanced formula typically supports both aspects effectively.
Slow-release granular fertilizers are preferred for their consistent nutrient supply over an extended period. These products release nutrients gradually, reducing the risk of over-fertilization and nutrient leaching. Liquid quick-release options can be used if a nutrient deficiency is observed and faster uptake is desired.
Organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, also provides natural nutrients and improves soil health. Indian Hawthorn prefers well-drained soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH, typically ranging from 6.0 to 7.5. This pH range supports optimal nutrient uptake by the plant’s roots.
How to Apply Fertilizer to Indian Hawthorn
Proper application ensures effective fertilization and prevents plant damage. Water the Indian Hawthorn thoroughly before applying any fertilizer. This helps prevent root burn and aids in nutrient absorption.
For granular fertilizers, spread the recommended amount evenly around the plant’s drip line, the area directly beneath the outermost branches. Avoid placing granules directly against the trunk or stems to prevent burning. Lightly work granules into the topsoil.
When using liquid fertilizers, dilute the concentrate according to product instructions. Apply the diluted solution by drenching the soil around the base of the plant. After applying, water the plant again thoroughly to dissolve nutrients and move them into the root zone for absorption.
Troubleshooting Fertilizer-Related Issues
Even with careful application, fertilization issues can arise. Over-fertilization, often called “fertilizer burn,” can cause brown leaf tips, yellowing, wilting, or stunted growth. It can also lead to excessive leafy growth at the expense of flowers, or a visible crust of fertilizer salts on the soil surface because too many salts draw water away from the plant’s roots.
If over-fertilization is suspected, flush the soil with plain water to leach away excess salts. This dilutes concentrated nutrients around the roots. Removing the topsoil can also help.
For under-fertilization, apply a suitable fertilizer, starting with about half the recommended dosage to gradually introduce missing nutrients. Adjust future applications based on the plant’s response.