Eye concretions, also known as conjunctival concretions, are small, firm, white or yellowish deposits that develop within the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is the transparent membrane covering the white part of the eye and lining the inner surfaces of the eyelids. These formations consist of calcified cellular material and are a common occurrence, especially in older adults. While frequently observed, eye concretions are generally considered a benign condition.
Causes and Symptoms of Eye Concretions
Eye concretions form from an accumulation of epithelial cells and mucus secretions, which then undergo calcification. This process is often linked to factors such as the natural aging process, where the conjunctival tissue experiences degenerative changes. Chronic inflammatory conditions, including blepharitis or allergic conjunctivitis, also contribute to their development by causing persistent inflammation and the buildup of cellular debris. Long-term dry eye syndrome, leading to low-grade inflammation, is another common factor associated with their formation.
Most eye concretions do not cause noticeable symptoms and are frequently discovered during routine eye examinations. However, symptoms can arise if a concretion grows large enough or begins to erode through the conjunctival surface. This erosion can lead to a foreign body sensation, as if something is in the eye. Other symptoms may include grittiness, irritation, or redness. Sometimes, larger concretions on the upper eyelid might rub against the cornea, causing blurred vision or sensitivity to light.
Medical Removal and Treatment
Treatment for eye concretions is necessary only when they cause symptoms such as irritation or a foreign body sensation. The removal procedure is a straightforward, in-office intervention performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. To begin, the eye care professional will apply topical anesthetic eye drops to numb the area.
Following the numbing, a sterile needle or fine-tipped forceps are used to gently lift the concretion from the conjunctiva. Mild oozing or bleeding can occur but is usually managed with gentle pressure. Individuals should not attempt to remove eye concretions themselves, as this carries a significant risk of scratching the cornea or introducing an infection.
Managing Recurrence
Eye concretions can sometimes recur, particularly if the underlying contributing factors are not addressed. Managing recurrence focuses on addressing the underlying conditions that promote their formation. For instance, if chronic dry eye is a contributing cause, regular use of preservative-free artificial tears can help maintain adequate eye moisture and reduce irritation.
When blepharitis is a factor, consistent eyelid hygiene practices help reduce the inflammation that contributes to their development. This includes applying warm compresses to loosen crusts and gently cleaning the eyelid margins with diluted baby shampoo or commercial lid cleansers. Addressing these issues helps minimize new concretion formation.