EL4 cells are a cell line used in scientific investigations. These cells originate from a mouse lymphoma and are maintained in laboratories for various studies. They serve as a tool for researchers exploring biological processes.
Origin and Key Characteristics
EL4 cells were derived from a lymphoma that developed in a C57BL/6J mouse. This origin, from a mouse T-cell lymphoma, makes them a model for studying diseases affecting the immune system. The cells were established in 1945 by Dr. Peter Gorer from a chemically induced lymphoma.
These cells exhibit characteristics of T-lymphocytes, including the expression of markers such as CD3 and T-cell receptor complexes. They have lymphoblastic morphology and proliferate continuously in culture, growing in suspension rather than adhering to surfaces. EL4 cells also express H-2b and Thy-1.2 antigens and can produce low levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4).
Their Value as a Research Tool
EL4 cells are used in scientific research due to their consistent behavior and well-defined properties. Their ease of culture and continuous growth make them a model system for various experiments. As they originate from a T-cell lymphoma, they provide a direct model for understanding T-cell biology and associated diseases.
The cells are useful for investigating mechanisms of T-cell development, activation, and signaling pathways. They also explore interactions between tumor cells and the immune system, offering insights into how the body responds to cancerous growths. This makes them a tool for studying fundamental immunology and cancer biology.
Specific Research Applications
EL4 cells are applied in research areas, including immune responses and cancer mechanisms. They are used to investigate T-cell receptor signaling pathways and the effects of immunomodulatory agents, given their responsiveness to stimuli that activate T-cells. Researchers also use EL4 cells to study cytokine production, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), which is important for immune regulation.
In cancer research, EL4 cells serve as a model for T-cell lymphomas, aiding in the development of immunotherapies for these cancers. For example, EL4 cells have been utilized to investigate the anti-tumor effects of compounds like arsenic trioxide and to explore monoclonal antibodies targeting tumor cells. Their use in syngeneic murine models allows for the study of tumor cells within a fully functioning immune system, providing a comprehensive understanding of therapeutic efficacy.