Menstruation generally does not stop an existing vaginal yeast infection. While temporary changes might occur, the underlying fungal overgrowth often persists. This article explains why and provides guidance on understanding, managing, and preventing vaginal yeast infections.
Understanding Vaginal Yeast Infections
Vaginal yeast infections, or vulvovaginal candidiasis, are common fungal infections caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans, a yeast naturally present in the vagina. Factors disrupting the vaginal balance lead to this overgrowth, including antibiotic use, hormonal fluctuations (e.g., pregnancy, birth control), and a weakened immune system. Symptoms involve itching, burning, and irritation of the vagina and vulva. A thick, white, odorless discharge resembling cottage cheese may also appear, along with redness, soreness, and pain during urination or sexual intercourse.
Menstruation’s Effect on Yeast Infection Symptoms
Menstruation does not typically cure a yeast infection, despite some temporary changes in symptoms. During a period, the vaginal pH becomes slightly more alkaline due to the presence of menstrual blood, which has a pH of around 7.4. This shift from the usual acidic vaginal environment (pH 3.8-4.5) can temporarily reduce the numbers of yeast cells, potentially offering a brief reprieve from some symptoms.
The physical flow of menstrual blood might also help wash away some of the discharge associated with a yeast infection, creating a false impression that the infection is clearing. Despite these temporary effects, the fungal overgrowth itself usually remains. Symptoms often return or even worsen once the menstrual period concludes, as the vaginal environment reverts to its typical acidic state, which yeast can thrive in. Furthermore, the use of sanitary products like tampons or pads can create a warm, moist environment that yeast favors, potentially counteracting any temporary relief.
What to Do If You Have a Yeast Infection During Your Period
If you experience a yeast infection during your period, seek proper diagnosis and treatment rather than waiting for it to resolve on its own. Over-the-counter (OTC) antifungal treatments are effective. These come as creams or vaginal suppositories containing active ingredients like miconazole or clotrimazole, which halt yeast growth and alleviate discomfort. These treatments can still be used during menstruation.
For more severe, persistent, or recurrent infections, a doctor may prescribe stronger medications. Oral medications, such as a single dose of fluconazole, are a convenient prescription that effectively treats the infection regardless of menstruation. Consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis, especially if symptoms are unusual, severe, or recur frequently, as other conditions can mimic yeast infection symptoms.
Preventing Future Vaginal Yeast Infections
Preventing future vaginal yeast infections involves adopting certain habits that maintain a healthy vaginal environment. Wearing breathable cotton underwear is recommended, as cotton absorbs moisture and helps keep the area dry, discouraging yeast growth. Avoiding tight-fitting clothing, such as restrictive jeans or workout gear, promotes airflow and reduces warmth and moisture.
Good hygiene practices are also beneficial, including wiping from front to back after using the toilet to prevent the spread of bacteria. It is advisable to avoid douching and scented feminine products, including sprays, soaps, and scented tampons or pads, as these can disrupt the natural pH balance and irritate vaginal tissues. Changing tampons or pads frequently during menstruation can also help. Managing underlying health conditions like diabetes, if present, is also important, as uncontrolled blood sugar levels can increase susceptibility to yeast infections. Incorporating probiotics into your diet, such as through yogurt with live cultures, may help restore beneficial bacteria and reduce yeast overgrowth, although more research is needed in this area.