Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common skin cancer originating in squamous cells, flat cells found in the outer layer of the skin. It often develops in sun-exposed areas like the face, ears, neck, and hands. Understanding SCC’s presentation, including sensations like itching, and knowing when to seek medical advice aids early detection and management.
The Itch and Other Sensations
While many skin conditions can cause itching, squamous cell carcinoma may or may not present with this sensation. Itching can be a symptom in a notable percentage of non-melanoma skin cancers, with SCC showing itching in around 47% of cases. However, itching is not a universal or primary symptom, and its absence does not exclude the possibility of SCC.
Other sensations might be associated with SCC lesions. Patients might experience soreness or tenderness, especially if the affected area is touched. Some individuals report numbness or a “pins-and-needles” sensation. Early skin cancer, including SCC, often has no noticeable symptoms or sensations at all.
Recognizing Common Characteristics
Identifying the physical characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma is more reliable than relying on sensations alone. SCC lesions commonly appear as a firm, red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly or crusted surface. These growths can also resemble a wart or manifest as an open sore that does not heal. The affected skin may feel rough, thickened, or crusted, and might bleed easily if irritated.
SCC frequently develops on sun-exposed skin, including the scalp, lips, ears, and the back of the hands and forearms. However, it can also appear in areas not typically exposed to the sun, such as inside the mouth, on the genitals, or under fingernails. Changes in an existing scar or a chronic sore can also indicate SCC development.
When to Seek Medical Guidance
Prompt consultation with a healthcare professional is important for any new, changing, or unusual skin growth, regardless of whether it itches or causes other sensations. Early detection of squamous cell carcinoma improves treatment outcomes and can prevent the cancer from growing deeper or spreading.
During a medical evaluation, a doctor will perform a physical examination of the suspicious area, noting its size, shape, color, and texture. They may use a dermatoscope, a magnifying tool, for a more detailed view of the skin. If a concern remains, a biopsy, which involves removing a small tissue sample for microscopic examination, is the definitive method to confirm an SCC diagnosis.