Skin tags are common, benign skin growths that appear as small, soft pieces of hanging skin. They often form where skin rubs against skin or clothing, such as the neck, armpits, groin, or under the breasts. While harmless, many individuals consider removal for cosmetic reasons or if they experience irritation. A frequent concern is the potential for pain during the procedure, and understanding what to expect can help alleviate anxiety.
The Pain Question: What to Expect
Pain during skin tag removal is minimal and well-managed in a professional setting. Most patients report only mild sensations, such as a slight stinging or a brief pinch. This is due to the use of local anesthesia, which numbs the treatment area. Numbing agents include topical creams or, for some methods, a quick injection.
Discomfort levels vary based on the skin tag’s size and location. Larger skin tags or those in sensitive areas might require more numbing. An individual’s pain threshold also plays a role, but professional removal aims for comfort.
Professional Skin Tag Removal Methods
Dermatologists and other medical professionals use several effective methods for skin tag removal. Each method has specific sensations and pain management approaches. These procedures are quick and performed in an office setting, with the choice depending on the skin tag’s characteristics and location.
Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy involves freezing the skin tag with liquid nitrogen. A mild stinging or burning sensation may be felt as the liquid nitrogen is applied. The cold causes the skin tag cells to die, and the tag darkens, forms a scab, and falls off within one to two weeks. This method does not require an injection for numbing.
Excision
Excision involves cutting off the skin tag with a sterile scalpel or surgical scissors. This procedure is performed after applying a local anesthetic to numb the area. Patients may feel slight pressure but no pain during the removal itself. Excision provides immediate removal, and the site may be covered with a small bandage.
Cauterization
Cauterization, also known as electrocautery, uses a heated electrical current to burn off the skin tag at its base. A local anesthetic is administered before the procedure to minimize discomfort. Patients might experience a brief warm sensation or mild stinging during the process. Bleeding is minimal as the heat seals blood vessels, and this method is often used for thicker skin tags or those in delicate areas.
Ligation
Ligation involves tying off the base of the skin tag with a thin thread or suture to cut off its blood supply. Over several days to a week, the skin tag darkens, shrivels, and eventually falls off as the tissue dies. This method can cause slight discomfort but is generally painless and does not require anesthesia.
Aftercare and Healing
Following professional skin tag removal, mild sensations and visible changes at the treated site are normal. Immediately after the procedure, there may be minor bleeding, redness, or slight swelling. The area might feel sore or tender, though significant pain is uncommon and can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers.
Depending on the removal method, a scab may form, or the area might blister before scabbing over. Keep the treated area clean and dry, gently washing it with mild soap and water after the initial 24 hours. Avoid picking at any scabs, as this can delay healing and increase the risk of scarring. Healing times vary by method, ranging from a few days to two weeks.
At-Home Removal: Safety and Effectiveness
Many people consider removing skin tags at home, often attempting methods like tying them off with string or applying substances like apple cider vinegar or tea tree oil. However, medical professionals advise against do-it-yourself removal due to significant risks. These methods often lack scientific backing for effectiveness and can lead to complications.
At-home removal can cause severe pain, especially without proper numbing. It carries a high risk of infection, as household tools are not sterile and can introduce bacteria to the open wound. Improper removal can also result in excessive bleeding, scarring, or incomplete removal of the skin tag. A key concern is the potential for misdiagnosis, as what appears to be a skin tag could be a more serious skin condition requiring professional evaluation. Consulting a medical professional ensures an accurate diagnosis and safe, effective removal.