It is a common experience to notice changes in skin health, including the appearance of acne, when feeling unwell. This connection is not merely anecdotal; various physiological and external factors associated with illness can indeed influence the skin, potentially leading to acne flare-ups or new blemishes.
How Illness Impacts Skin Health
When the body fights an illness, it undergoes a stress response, which can significantly affect skin health. Sickness is perceived as a form of stress, prompting the body to release stress hormones such as cortisol. Elevated cortisol levels can stimulate the sebaceous glands in the skin, leading to increased oil (sebum) production. This excess oil can then clog pores, leading to acne development and breakouts.
The immune system’s general inflammatory response, crucial for fighting off infection, can also manifest on the skin. Inflammation is a natural part of the body’s defense mechanism, but when it becomes widespread or prolonged, it can worsen existing acne or trigger new lesions. This systemic inflammation can make it harder for the skin to recover from breakouts, increasing redness and swelling. The immune system’s activity can also affect the skin’s barrier function. A compromised skin barrier can lead to increased sensitivity, dryness, and a greater susceptibility to irritants and infections, further contributing to skin issues.
Dehydration is another common consequence of illness, often resulting from fever, reduced fluid intake, or symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea. When the body lacks sufficient hydration, it impacts skin cell turnover and moisture balance. Dehydrated skin may try to compensate by producing even more oil, which can lead to clogged pores and bacterial growth. This imbalance can make the skin more prone to breakouts and can impair the skin’s ability to heal effectively.
Everyday Factors During Sickness
Beyond the direct biological impacts of illness, several everyday factors associated with being sick can contribute to acne. Medications commonly taken during illness, such as certain corticosteroids, lithium, or some anticonvulsants, can have side effects that affect skin or exacerbate acne. Some medications can cause acne-like eruptions or true acne by influencing hormone levels or inflammation.
Changes in daily routines and hygiene practices often occur when one feels unwell. Feeling sick can lead to neglecting regular skincare routines, such as not washing the face as frequently or not changing pillowcases. This can allow for a buildup of dirt, oil, and dead skin cells, which can clog pores and promote bacterial growth, leading to breakouts.
Physical irritation from common sickness behaviors can also contribute to breakouts. Frequently touching the face, blowing the nose often, or wearing masks for extended periods can cause friction and pressure on the skin. This mechanical irritation, known as acne mechanica, can lead to localized breakouts, particularly in areas where the skin is repeatedly rubbed or occluded.
Supporting Your Skin When Unwell
When experiencing illness, maintaining a gentle skincare routine can help support skin health. Use mild, non-stripping cleansers and hydrating moisturizers to soothe the skin without causing further irritation. Simplifying your routine and avoiding harsh products allows the skin to heal and maintain its natural barrier.
Staying well-hydrated is also important for overall body recovery and skin health. Drinking plenty of fluids helps replenish lost moisture, supports skin cell function, and aids in the body’s detoxification processes. Hydration can help regulate oil production and reduce inflammation, contributing to clearer skin.
Adequate rest plays a significant role in supporting the body’s recovery from illness, which indirectly benefits the skin. During sleep, the body focuses on repair and regeneration, including skin cell renewal. Rest also helps regulate stress hormones like cortisol, which can influence sebum production and inflammation. To minimize physical irritation, use soft tissues when blowing your nose and try to avoid excessive face touching. If wearing a mask, consider taking breaks when possible to reduce friction and trapped moisture.
If acne becomes severe, persistent, or causes significant distress, consulting a doctor or dermatologist is advisable. They can help determine the cause and recommend appropriate treatments.