Stink bugs, often recognized by their distinctive shield-shaped bodies and brownish-gray coloration, are insects that have become widespread in many regions. The brown marmorated stink bug, in particular, is an invasive species accidentally introduced to the United States from East Asia in the mid-1990s. While their presence can be a nuisance, a common concern for many is whether these insects pose a physical threat to humans. Generally, stink bugs do not hurt people. They are primarily considered agricultural pests rather than a danger to human health.
Do Stink Bugs Bite or Sting?
Stink bugs do not bite or sting humans. Their mouthparts are designed for piercing and sucking, but these are adapted for feeding on plants, not for piercing human skin or consuming blood. Any perception of a “bite” from a stink bug is extremely rare and likely accidental, rather than an aggressive act.
Stink bugs lack stingers and do not inject venom. Unlike some other insects, they are not known to transmit diseases to humans or pets. Their primary defense mechanism involves releasing an odor, not engaging in physical aggression. While fluids they emit might cause mild skin irritation or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, this is typically from contact with crushed bugs rather than a bite.
The Truth About Their Odor
The characteristic “stink” associated with these insects is a defense mechanism. Stink bugs release chemical compounds from glands located in their abdomen or thorax when they feel threatened, are disturbed, or are crushed. This unpleasant odor serves to deter predators.
The smell itself is often described in various ways, with common comparisons including cilantro, coriander, burnt rubber, or even skunk. Chemical analysis reveals that the odor is composed of compounds such as long-chain alkanes, aldehydes like trans-2-octenal and trans-2-decenal, and esters. While the smell can be quite strong and linger for some time, particularly on fabrics or indoors, it is not considered harmful to humans.
Dealing With Stink Bugs
When encountering stink bugs indoors, avoid crushing them, as squashing releases their defensive odor, which can be persistent and may even attract more stink bugs. Instead, there are several effective methods for removal that minimize the release of their scent. One simple approach is to gently sweep the bugs into a container or plastic bag, then release them outdoors. Using a vacuum cleaner can also be effective, but it is recommended to use a bagged vacuum and dispose of the bag immediately outdoors to prevent the odor from permeating the vacuum itself. Alternatively, a container filled with soapy water can be used; knocking the bugs into the solution will cause them to drown and prevent odor release.
To prevent stink bugs from entering homes, sealing cracks and gaps around windows, doors, foundations, and utility pipes is an important step. Repairing damaged window screens and installing weatherstripping or door sweeps also helps create physical barriers against these insects.