Kangaroos, often perceived as quiet, use a variety of vocalizations in their daily lives. These marsupials communicate through an array of sounds for different purposes, interacting with their environment and each other.
The Vocal Range of Kangaroos
Kangaroos produce a diverse spectrum of sounds, each with distinct auditory characteristics. Among these, grunts are common low-frequency vocalizations. They also emit harsh, raspy growls and hisses, which are often guttural and can be quite intense. Another notable sound is a characteristic cough, which can range from a soft expulsion of air to a loud, barking call.
Beyond these, kangaroos also make softer, higher-pitched noises. These include clicks, which are often subtle and percussive, and clucking sounds. Young kangaroos, known as joeys, contribute to this vocal repertoire with high-pitched cries or squeaks.
Understanding Kangaroo Communication
The sounds kangaroos make serve specific purposes within their social interactions. Hisses and growls, for instance, are commonly used to express fear, distress, or as a clear warning to deter potential threats. These aggressive vocalizations can also signal dominance among males during disputes. In contrast, grunts can be employed by male kangaroos to assert dominance over rivals or in courtship displays.
Coughing growls and barks are frequently heard from male Eastern and Western Grey Kangaroos, particularly when they are competing for females. Softer clucking sounds are often made by mothers to communicate with their joeys, serving as a call for reassurance or to encourage them to return to the pouch. Similarly, male kangaroos may produce soft clucking sounds when approaching a female during courtship. Joeys use their distinct cries, often described as isolation calls, to signal their location and dependency to their mothers, enabling recognition even from a distance.
Non-Vocal Signals and Behavior
While vocalizations are important, kangaroos also rely on non-vocal signals for communication, many of which produce their own distinct sounds. The most widely recognized non-vocal signal is foot thumping, where a kangaroo strikes the ground forcefully with its hind feet. This action creates an audible thump that serves as an urgent alarm signal, warning other kangaroos in the mob about perceived danger or predators. This can increase vigilance and prompt other kangaroos to flee.
Other physical displays and body language also contribute to their communication, though they may not always involve an audible sound. Kangaroos use their posture, ear movements, and tail positions to convey emotions, intentions, and social hierarchy. For example, a dominant male might stand tall, while subtle ear movements can indicate focus or alertness.