Iguanas, often recognized for their striking appearance, possess a dental structure that includes small, serrated teeth. These reptiles have teeth, which are specifically adapted for their diet. They are sharp and serve a distinct purpose in their daily lives.
Iguana Teeth Characteristics
Iguanas are equipped with a unique type of dentition known as pleurodont teeth. Unlike human teeth that are deeply rooted in sockets, iguana teeth attach to the inner side of their jawbone, sitting in a shallow groove. This means their teeth are not fused directly to the bone, allowing for continuous replacement. An adult iguana typically has between 80 and 120 teeth at any given time, arranged in neat, uniform rows.
These teeth are uniform in size and shape, often described as diamond or leaf-shaped with serrated edges. This serration allows them to efficiently process their plant-based diet. Iguanas continuously replace their teeth throughout their lives, a process known as polyphyodonty. Individual teeth shed and new ones grow in their place approximately every 10 to 20 weeks, ensuring a constant supply of sharp dentition.
How Iguanas Use Their Teeth
The primary function of an iguana’s teeth is to facilitate their herbivorous diet, which consists mainly of leaves, flowers, and fruits. Their sharp, serrated teeth are effective for shearing and tearing tough plant material. When feeding, iguanas use these teeth to cut and shred vegetation rather than extensively chewing it like mammals. This allows them to break down fibrous plants into manageable pieces for swallowing.
While their teeth are primarily used for consuming food, iguanas can also employ them as a defensive mechanism. If an iguana feels threatened or cornered, a bite can be part of its defensive display. However, biting is typically a last resort, as iguanas prefer to flee or use other deterrents like tail whipping.
Interacting Safely with Iguanas
Iguanas are capable of biting, and their sharp, serrated teeth can cause lacerations and break human skin. While iguana bites are not venomous, there is a risk of bacterial infection, including Salmonella, if the skin is broken. An adult green iguana’s bite force, measured at approximately 212 Newtons (47.7 pounds per square inch), can cause injury.
To minimize the risk of a bite, approach iguanas calmly and avoid sudden movements that might startle them. Iguanas often display warning signs before biting, such as head bobbing, hissing, or puffing up their bodies. If a bite occurs, gently remove the iguana, then thoroughly clean the wound with soap and water before applying an antiseptic. Seeking medical attention is recommended, especially if the bite is deep or shows signs of infection.