Earwigs are common insects often found in gardens and homes, frequently sparking concern due to their distinctive appearance. These nocturnal creatures, known for their elongated bodies and unique rear appendages, are frequently misunderstood. A primary concern for many revolves around the question of whether these pincer-like structures can inflict harm.
The Truth About Earwig Pinchers
Earwigs possess a pair of pincer-like appendages, known as cerci, located at the rear of their abdomen. These cerci are a defining characteristic. They serve several biological purposes for the insect, primarily for defense against predators, for grasping prey, and during mating rituals. Male earwigs generally have more curved pincers than females, whose cerci tend to be straighter.
Earwigs can pinch a human, but this action is usually a defensive reaction. They might use their pincers if they feel threatened, are handled, or accidentally trapped against the skin. The cerci are not true jaws or stingers, and the force they exert is weak. The pinch is a physical act of grasping rather than a bite or sting, as earwigs lack the mouthparts for biting or venom glands for stinging.
Are Earwigs Dangerous?
Earwigs are harmless to humans and pose no significant threat. A pinch from an earwig is mild, often described as a slight nip or a brief, light pinch. While it can be startling, it is less painful than a mosquito bite or a strong pinch from a human finger. A pinch might leave two small red marks on the skin, and rarely, might break the skin or cause minor bleeding, similar to a small scratch.
Earwigs are not venomous and do not transmit diseases to humans, setting them apart from other insects that can act as vectors for pathogens. The widespread myth about earwigs crawling into ears to burrow into the brain or lay eggs is unfounded. This superstition has no scientific basis, and earwigs have no interest in intentionally entering human ears.
What to Do
If an earwig is found on skin or clothing, gently brush it away rather than crushing it. Earwigs are primarily outdoor insects that prefer moist, dark environments, such as under rocks, logs, or leaf litter. Encounters indoors are accidental, as they may seek shelter or enter through cracks and openings.
If a pinch occurs and the skin is broken, clean the affected area thoroughly with soap and water. Applying an antibacterial cream can help prevent potential infection, as earwigs inhabit environments where bacteria can be present. The discomfort is short-lived, and the area heals quickly without medical intervention.