Philodendron plants are popular for their lush foliage and tropical appeal in both indoor and outdoor gardens. As more homeowners incorporate them into landscapes, a common concern is their susceptibility to deer browsing. Understanding how deer interact with philodendrons is important for maintaining a thriving garden.
Philodendrons and Deer: The Core Answer
Philodendrons are deer-resistant due to insoluble calcium oxalate crystals. When ingested, these crystals cause an unpleasant burning sensation and irritation in the mouth, throat, and digestive tract.
These crystals make philodendrons unpalatable, discouraging significant consumption. They are not a preferred food source, unlike many other garden plants. While no plant is entirely deer-proof, their chemical composition strongly discourages browsing.
Why Deer Might Still Browse Philodendrons
While philodendrons are deer-resistant, browsing can occur. During extreme hunger (harsh winters, prolonged droughts, or scarce food), deer may eat plants they typically avoid. Young or inexperienced deer might also sample them out of curiosity.
Even if deer nibble, they consume small quantities due to the immediate unpleasant sensation. The calcium oxalate crystals prevent extensive damage. Browsing is often minimal and does not threaten the plant’s long-term health.
Identifying Deer Damage
Look for specific signs to identify deer damage. Deer lack upper incisors, so they pull and tear foliage, resulting in ragged, torn, or shredded edges on leaves and stems.
Deer browsing occurs from ground level up to about six feet, their comfortable reach. Other indicators include distinctive, pellet-like droppings or heart-shaped hoof prints in soft soil. Distinguishing these signs from clean cuts left by rabbits or rodents helps confirm the culprit.
Effective Deer Deterrents for Your Garden
A multi-pronged approach protects plants from deer. Physical barriers, like fencing, offer reliable protection. Fences should be at least eight feet tall for complete exclusion, as deer are capable jumpers. Netting or individual plant cages can also protect specific plants or smaller garden areas.
Repellents offer another defense layer, available as taste-based or scent-based formulas. Taste repellents (e.g., putrescent egg solids, hot pepper extract) are applied to plants to make them unpalatable. Scent-based repellents use strong odors (e.g., garlic, mint, predator urine) to make an area unappealing. Reapplication is required, especially after rain, to maintain effectiveness.
Companion planting involves placing strong-smelling or deer-resistant plants near susceptible ones. Herbs like lavender, rosemary, and mint, or plants with fuzzy textures, can deter deer due to their undesirable scent or feel. Removing dense vegetation or overgrown areas near garden perimeters can also make the landscape less inviting for deer seeking cover.