Bougainvillea is a popular ornamental plant celebrated for its vivid, papery bracts that often outshine its small, true flowers. These colorful displays, ranging from bright pinks and purples to reds and oranges, make it a favored choice for gardens in warmer climates. Its vigorous growth habit allows it to be used in various ways, from climbing trellises to cascading over walls, adding a tropical flair to any landscape.
Bougainvillea and Deer Resistance
Many sources list bougainvillea as a plant deer tend to avoid. This classification often stems from its natural characteristics, such as its thorny stems, which might offer a physical deterrent. The texture and taste of its foliage are also cited as reasons why deer would find it unappealing. However, many gardeners find deer frequently browse on bougainvillea, proving it is not truly “deer-proof.” Its soft leaves and flowers have a sweet taste and offer nutritional value (protein, calcium, moisture), making them appealing to deer seeking sustenance. Despite thorns, these do not always deter determined or hungry deer from consuming the plant’s palatable parts.
When Deer Might Still Eat Bougainvillea
While bougainvillea is sometimes considered less preferred, certain circumstances lead deer to consume it. Extreme hunger is a primary factor, especially during periods of scarce food like harsh winters or prolonged droughts. In these conditions, deer become less selective, browsing on plants they might otherwise ignore. Young or newly planted bougainvillea are also more vulnerable; they may lack dense, mature thorns or have tender new growth that is especially appealing. Individual deer also exhibit varying dietary preferences, meaning some deer might be less particular about what they eat compared to others in the same herd.
Signs of Deer Damage
Identifying deer damage on your bougainvillea involves looking for specific patterns of consumption. Deer lack upper incisors, so they grasp and tear plant material, leaving behind ragged or torn leaves and stems. This contrasts with the clean, sharp cuts typically made by rodents or rabbits. Deer browsing usually occurs up to six feet from the ground. Missing flower buds or entire blossoms are common, as deer are drawn to these tender, nutrient-rich parts. Heart-shaped deer tracks (two to three inches long) or pellet-like droppings nearby further confirm deer activity.
Protecting Your Bougainvillea from Deer
If deer are damaging your bougainvillea, several strategies can help protect your plants. Physical barriers, such as an eight-foot-tall fence, effectively prevent deer access. Commercial deer repellents can be applied to make plants less appealing, often containing unpleasant scents or tastes like garlic or hot pepper. Companion planting with strong-scented or unpalatable plants around bougainvillea might also deter them. Maintaining healthy, well-watered, and appropriately fertilized bougainvillea also contributes to its resilience, as stressed plants can be more attractive to pests.