Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection that results from an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina. Many wonder if menstruation can clear this infection. This article addresses that question and explains the relationship between menstruation and vaginal health.
Understanding Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis occurs when the normal balance of bacteria in the vagina is disrupted, leading to an overgrowth of certain anaerobic bacteria and a decrease in beneficial lactobacilli. The healthy vaginal environment maintains an acidic pH, usually between 3.8 and 4.5, due to lactic acid from lactobacilli. When this balance shifts, certain bacteria can outnumber beneficial ones.
Common symptoms of BV include unusual vaginal discharge, which may be thin, gray, white, or green. This discharge often has a strong, “fishy” odor, especially after sex. Some individuals may also experience vaginal itching or a burning sensation during urination, though about half of those with BV report no symptoms.
How Menstruation Affects Vaginal Balance
Menstruation does not “flush out” or resolve bacterial vaginosis. While some may experience a temporary reduction or masking of symptoms during their period, this is not a sign of the infection clearing. Menstrual blood changes the vaginal environment in ways that can even worsen BV.
Menstrual blood has a more neutral or alkaline pH (around 7.4), significantly higher than the normal acidic vaginal pH (3.8-4.5). This pH shift creates a favorable environment for BV-associated anaerobic bacteria to thrive. Additionally, menstrual blood can dilute beneficial lactobacilli, further disrupting the bacterial balance. The protein in menstrual blood also provides a food source for these bacteria, potentially leading to flare-ups of BV symptoms after a period.
When to Seek Medical Advice
If you suspect bacterial vaginosis, or if symptoms persist after your period, consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. While some mild cases of BV may resolve, untreated BV can lead to serious health issues. A healthcare provider can diagnose BV and differentiate it from other vaginal infections, such such as yeast infections, which have similar but distinct symptoms and require different treatments.
Treatment for BV involves prescription antibiotics, taken orally or applied vaginally as creams or gels. Common antibiotics include metronidazole and clindamycin. Seeking timely medical advice helps prevent complications such as an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), or pregnancy complications like preterm birth.