A yeast infection, also known as candidiasis, occurs when there’s an overgrowth of Candida yeast, a fungus naturally present in the body. This imbalance typically leads to uncomfortable symptoms like itching, burning, and discharge in the vaginal area. Many people wonder about the connection between these common infections and the ability to conceive or maintain a healthy pregnancy.
Yeast Infections and Conception
A yeast infection does not prevent conception directly. The infection does not create a physical barrier that blocks sperm from reaching an egg, nor does it interfere with ovulation. Sperm can still travel through the reproductive tract and fertilization can occur even with an active yeast infection.
However, an infection can indirectly impact the chances of conception. The discomfort and irritation from a yeast infection might reduce the likelihood or frequency of sexual intercourse, especially around ovulation. Changes in vaginal pH and cervical mucus consistency might also create a less favorable environment for sperm survival and movement, making it slightly more challenging for sperm to reach the uterus. While these factors can make conception more difficult, they do not directly cause infertility.
Yeast Infections During Pregnancy
Yeast infections are more common during pregnancy due to hormonal changes. Increased estrogen levels and higher sugar content in vaginal secretions provide a more favorable environment for yeast to thrive. They occur frequently, particularly in the second trimester.
While yeast infections are generally harmless to the developing baby, they can cause discomfort for the pregnant individual. Symptoms like itching, burning, and thick, white discharge are similar to those experienced outside of pregnancy but can be more persistent or recurrent. In rare instances, if an infection is present during delivery, the baby could acquire thrush, a yeast infection in the mouth, which is treatable.
Management and When to Seek Care
If you suspect a yeast infection while trying to conceive or during pregnancy, consult a healthcare provider. A proper diagnosis is necessary because yeast infection symptoms can resemble other vaginal conditions requiring different treatments. Self-treating without confirmation might lead to an untreated underlying issue.
For pregnant individuals, certain over-the-counter vaginal creams and suppositories are considered safe for treatment, particularly 7-day formulations. Oral medications, such as fluconazole, are generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks, especially in the first trimester. Your healthcare provider can advise on the safest and most effective treatment plan to alleviate symptoms and manage the infection.