Canker sores, also known as aphthous ulcers, are small, painful lesions that develop inside the mouth. These shallow sores appear with a white or yellowish center and a distinct red border. They can form on various soft tissues, including the tongue, gums, inner cheeks, or lips, making eating and talking uncomfortable. Unlike cold sores, canker sores are not contagious and are not caused by a virus. They generally heal on their own within one to two weeks.
Peroxide as a Treatment
Hydrogen peroxide can be used for canker sores due to its antiseptic properties. To use it safely, dilute a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution with an equal part of water. This dilution minimizes irritation to delicate oral tissues. Hydrogen peroxide releases oxygen, which cleans the sore and reduces bacterial presence, aiding healing. Apply the diluted solution with a clean cotton swab directly onto the canker sore or use as a mouth rinse, but do not swallow.
Potential Concerns with Peroxide Use
While hydrogen peroxide offers antiseptic benefits, improper or excessive use on canker sores can lead to concerns. Using undiluted solutions or applying it too frequently may irritate surrounding healthy oral tissues. There is a risk of chemical burns if the concentration is too strong or exposure is prolonged. Overuse can also lead to increased tooth sensitivity, an unpleasant taste, or a burning sensation. Hydrogen peroxide is not a definitive cure, and misapplication might delay healing or cause tissue damage.
Effective Home Remedies
Beyond hydrogen peroxide, several effective home remedies can provide relief and support the healing of canker sores.
- Rinse with salt water (one teaspoon of salt in one cup of warm water) to clean and reduce swelling.
- Apply a baking soda paste or rinse (baking soda with water) to neutralize acids and reduce inflammation.
- Use over-the-counter topical gels and patches for temporary pain relief.
- Dab milk of magnesia onto the sore to alleviate pain and promote healing.
- Avoid acidic or spicy foods to prevent further irritation.
When Professional Help is Needed
Most canker sores heal without professional intervention, but certain signs indicate a visit to a dentist or doctor is advisable. Seek medical attention if:
- A canker sore is unusually large or persists for more than two weeks.
- Extreme pain interferes with eating or drinking.
- New sores develop before old ones heal.
- A fever or other systemic symptoms (like diarrhea or a skin rash) accompany the sore.
- Canker sores are recurrent or severe, possibly indicating an underlying health condition.