Blisters are small, fluid-filled sacs that form on the skin. They can contain clear fluid, blood, or pus if infected. Blisters serve as a natural protective mechanism, cushioning underlying skin from further damage while new skin develops. They commonly arise from repeated friction, like ill-fitting shoes, or can be caused by burns, insect bites, or certain medical conditions.
Bandaging Your Blister: The Right Approach
Applying a bandage to a blister is a recommended step to protect the area and promote healing. The type of dressing chosen significantly impacts comfort and recovery. Proper application ensures the blister remains undisturbed, reducing the risk of further irritation or infection.
Standard adhesive bandages or gauze offer a simple way to cover the blister. Clean the skin around the blister gently with mild soap and water, then dry it completely before application. A loosely applied bandage, or one with a slightly raised center, can help prevent direct pressure on the blister.
Hydrocolloid bandages are designed for blisters, offering cushioning, pain relief, and a moist healing environment. These bandages absorb fluid, forming a white gel, and can remain in place for several days. They are beneficial for open or deroofed blisters, helping to keep out germs. However, they should not be used on intact blisters, as removal might tear the skin.
Moleskin, a durable fabric with an adhesive backing, provides excellent cushioning and friction reduction. It is ideal for blisters in high-pressure areas. For an intact blister, moleskin can be cut into a donut shape, with the hole centered over the blister, to relieve direct pressure. This protective barrier allows the blister to heal without constant rubbing, and it should be replaced daily or if it becomes wet or dirty.
Complete Blister Care and What to Avoid
While bandaging helps, comprehensive blister care involves knowing when to leave a blister intact and when intervention is necessary. Avoid popping a blister, as the unbroken skin provides a natural, sterile barrier against bacteria and infection. This protective “roof” allows the skin underneath to heal more effectively.
However, if a blister is large, causes significant pain, or is likely to burst on its own, careful drainage might be considered. To drain a blister safely, wash your hands and the blister area thoroughly with soap and water. Then, sterilize a sharp needle with rubbing alcohol and gently prick the edge of the blister in several places. Allow the fluid to drain, but leave the overlying skin intact.
Following drainage, apply an antibiotic ointment or petroleum jelly to the area and cover it with a nonstick bandage, changing the dressing daily. Avoid removing the skin flap, as it continues to protect the tender new skin. Do not use hydrogen peroxide or alcohol directly on an open blister, as these can impede healing.
Monitoring the blister for signs of infection is an important part of care. Indicators of infection include:
Increasing pain
Spreading redness (especially red streaks extending from the blister)
Swelling
Warmth around the area
Presence of pus (yellow or greenish discharge)
Foul smell
If any of these signs appear, or if the blister was caused by a severe burn, if multiple blisters appear without a clear cause, or if you have underlying conditions like diabetes or poor circulation, seek medical attention.