Ingrown hairs can occur on the head and scalp, just as they can on other parts of the body where hair grows. An ingrown hair develops when a hair strand, instead of growing outward from the skin, curls back and re-enters the skin’s surface. This common condition often results in a raised bump on the skin.
What Causes Scalp Ingrown Hairs
Ingrown hairs on the scalp primarily form when hair follicles become irritated or blocked, causing a growing hair to divert its path. Hair type plays a role, with curly or coarse hair being more susceptible due to its natural tendency to curve back into the skin. A sharpened hair tip, especially after shaving, can easily pierce the skin as it regrows.
Shaving the head is a significant factor, as cutting hair close to the skin creates sharp edges that curl and re-enter the skin. Frequent short haircuts that irritate follicles can also encourage inward growth. Consistent pressure from tight headwear can push hair back into the skin or trap dead skin cells.
Accumulated dead skin cells or product residue can also block hair follicles. When obstructed, hair struggles to grow out normally, forcing it sideways or downward into the skin. This environment increases the likelihood of ingrown hairs, leading to irritation and inflammation.
Identifying and Treating Scalp Ingrown Hairs
Ingrown hairs on the scalp typically manifest as small, red, and often tender or itchy bumps. These bumps may sometimes contain pus, resembling a pimple or small boil. In some cases, the trapped hair might be visible as a dark spot or a loop beneath the skin’s surface.
While an ingrown hair can resemble other scalp conditions like folliculitis (inflammation of hair follicles) or regular pimples, the key differentiator is the presence of a trapped hair. Folliculitis can also involve inflamed follicles but may be caused by bacteria or fungi rather than a hair curling back into the skin. If the bump contains a visible hair or consistently appears after hair removal, it is likely an ingrown hair.
For home treatment, applying warm compresses to the affected area can help soften the skin and encourage the trapped hair to emerge. Gentle exfoliation using a soft brush or a mild exfoliating scrub can also help release the hair by removing dead skin cells that might be covering the follicle. It is important to strictly avoid picking, squeezing, or attempting to extract the hair with tweezers, as this can introduce bacteria, lead to infection, or cause scarring.
If signs of infection develop, such as increased redness, swelling, spreading tenderness, or significant pus, it is advisable to seek professional medical attention. If the ingrown hair persists, causes considerable pain, or the condition worsens despite home care, a healthcare provider can offer guidance. They may prescribe topical or oral medications to reduce inflammation or address any infection.
Preventing Ingrown Hairs on Your Head
Preventing ingrown hairs on the head involves specific hair care practices, especially for those who shave their scalp. When shaving, prepare the skin by washing it with warm water and using a lubricating cream or gel. Use a sharp, clean razor and shave in the direction of hair growth to reduce the likelihood of hairs curling back into the skin. Opting for a single-blade or electric shaver can also prevent too close a shave, which often contributes to ingrown hairs.
For individuals with hair, consistent scalp hygiene is beneficial. Regular, gentle scalp exfoliation prevents dead skin cells from accumulating and blocking follicles. This can be done using a scalp brush or a mild exfoliating shampoo a few times a week.
Avoid excessively tight headwear that rubs against the scalp and pushes hairs inward. After washing or shaving, moisturizing the scalp keeps the skin supple and reduces irritation, promoting healthy hair growth. Incorporating these practices can minimize ingrown hairs on the head.