Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop within or on the uterus. Many people with fibroids experience no symptoms, but others have noticeable signs, leading some to wonder if fibroids can be felt from outside the body. Whether a fibroid is palpable depends on several factors.
Uterine Fibroids Explained
Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, are benign growths composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that develop in or on the wall of the uterus. They are the most common non-cancerous tumors in individuals with a uterus. These growths vary significantly in size, from microscopic to masses that can fill the entire pelvis or abdominal area.
Fibroids are classified by their location:
Intramural fibroids grow within the muscular wall of the uterus.
Subserosal fibroids develop on the outer surface of the uterus.
Submucosal fibroids grow under the inner lining, protruding into the uterine cavity.
Pedunculated fibroids attach to the uterus by a stalk.
Feeling Fibroids Externally
Whether a fibroid can be felt externally depends on its size and location. Small fibroids or those deep within the uterine wall (intramural) or inside the uterine cavity (submucosal) are generally not palpable. However, larger fibroids, especially those on the outer surface (subserosal) or attached by a stalk (pedunculated), are more likely to be felt as they expand into the pelvis or abdomen.
Fibroids larger than 5 cm often become noticeable and can cause visible abdominal distension. For example, a 10 cm fibroid may be palpable, especially when lying flat or with a full bladder. Individuals with a leaner body type might also detect fibroids more easily.
Sensations Associated with Fibroids
When palpable, a fibroid may feel like a firm, irregular mass in the lower abdomen. Some describe a general sense of fullness or pressure, which can be constant or worsen. This sensation can resemble pregnancy pressure, especially with large fibroids that enlarge the uterus. The abdomen might also appear visibly swollen. Fibroids pressing against surrounding organs can cause frequent urination (bladder) or constipation (rectum).
Seeking Medical Guidance
While external fibroid detection is possible, self-diagnosis is unreliable. Any new lumps, persistent abdominal discomfort, changes in abdominal size, or other concerning symptoms warrant a healthcare provider visit. Professionals accurately diagnose fibroids and rule out other conditions.
Diagnosis often starts with a pelvic exam, where a doctor may feel an enlarged uterus. Imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI provide detailed images to determine fibroid number, size, and location. These assessments confirm diagnosis and guide management.