Rosacea is a common, chronic inflammatory skin condition primarily affecting the face. It often presents as persistent redness, visible blood vessels, and sometimes bumps or pimples. This condition can develop in adulthood.
Is Adult-Onset Rosacea Possible?
Rosacea typically emerges between ages 30 and 50. While it can affect anyone, individuals with fair skin who flush easily are at higher risk. It is more frequently diagnosed in women, though symptoms may appear more severe in men. Rosacea often progresses in stages, with initial flushing becoming more persistent.
Recognizing Rosacea in Adults
Rosacea signs appear most commonly on the central face, including the cheeks, nose, forehead, and chin. Persistent facial redness, resembling a blush or sunburn that does not fade, is a primary indicator. Small, visible blood vessels (telangiectasias) may appear beneath the skin.
Many adults also develop small, red bumps (papules) and pus-filled pimples (pustules) that can be mistaken for acne, though rosacea does not typically cause blackheads. These inflammatory lesions can cause a burning or stinging sensation. In some cases, rosacea can affect the eyes (ocular rosacea), leading to dryness, irritation, a gritty feeling, watery or bloodshot eyes, and swollen eyelids.
Understanding Adult Rosacea Triggers
Factors can trigger or worsen rosacea flare-ups, varying among individuals. Sun exposure is a common trigger, as UV rays increase skin inflammation and dilate blood vessels, intensifying redness. Extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, can also provoke symptoms.
Certain dietary elements cause flare-ups, including spicy foods, which stimulate heat receptors and lead to blood vessel dilation. Hot beverages and alcohol, particularly red wine, can similarly induce flushing by causing blood vessels to widen.
Emotional stress and strenuous exercise are also recognized triggers. Additionally, certain cosmetics and skin care products can irritate sensitive rosacea-prone skin, leading to flare-ups.
Managing Adult Rosacea
Managing rosacea involves a multi-faceted approach to control symptoms and prevent flare-ups. Identifying and avoiding personal triggers is a foundational step, significantly reducing symptom frequency and intensity. Using gentle, non-irritating skincare products formulated for sensitive skin is recommended, avoiding ingredients like alcohol or harsh chemicals.
Consistent sun protection, including daily use of broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher and protective clothing, is important as sun exposure is a frequent trigger. Consulting a dermatologist is advised for diagnosis and treatment.
Treatment options include topical medications like metronidazole, azelaic acid, or ivermectin, which help reduce inflammation and redness. Oral medications, often low-dose antibiotics like doxycycline, may be prescribed for more severe cases or to address bumps and pimples. Light-based therapies, such as laser or intense pulsed light (IPL), can also be effective for persistent redness and visible blood vessels.