Breastfeeding parents often have questions about the safety of mammograms and their potential effects on breast milk. This is an understandable concern, as parents prioritize their baby’s well-being while addressing their own health needs. Understanding the process can provide clarity on continuing to breastfeed.
What Mammography Involves
A mammogram uses low-dose X-rays to create detailed pictures of breast tissue. During the examination, the breast is gently compressed between two plates for a few seconds. This flattens the tissue, helping to obtain clearer images with minimal radiation exposure and a better view of potential changes. The X-ray energy is localized to the breast area, capturing images from different angles.
Lactation makes breast tissue denser due to milk production and glandular changes. This increased density can make mammogram images more challenging to interpret. Despite this, mammograms can be performed on lactating breasts, though experienced radiologists are often recommended for interpretation.
Impact on Breast Milk
Standard mammography does not render breast milk radioactive or unsafe. X-rays pass through the breast tissue and do not leave behind radiation that could contaminate the milk. Human milk remains unaffected by the procedure, allowing for immediate resumption of breastfeeding without concern for the baby’s safety. There is no need to “pump and dump” breast milk after a routine mammogram.
In some cases, diagnostic mammograms or other imaging studies might involve intravenous contrast agents. Even when these agents are used, only a very small percentage enters the breast milk. The amount absorbed by an infant from ingested breast milk is negligible. Medical organizations state that breastfeeding can continue without interruption after contrast agent use due to minimal transfer and absorption.
Practical Advice for Breastfeeding Parents
Informing the technologist that you are breastfeeding before your mammogram appointment is helpful. This allows them to adjust the procedure if necessary and provides relevant information for image acquisition. To enhance comfort and image clarity, it is often suggested to breastfeed or pump to empty your breasts just before the examination. This can reduce breast engorgement, making the compression less uncomfortable and potentially improving image quality.
If a diagnostic mammogram or other imaging with contrast is recommended, discuss any specific concerns with your healthcare provider. Unless specifically advised otherwise by a medical professional, continuing routine breastfeeding without interruption is widely supported by current medical consensus.