A vaginal yeast infection is a common fungal infection, primarily caused by an overgrowth of Candida species, most frequently Candida albicans. While not a primary symptom, light bleeding or spotting can sometimes occur. This bleeding is usually minor and results from the inflammation and irritation the infection causes within the delicate vaginal tissues.
Reasons for Bleeding
A yeast infection causes an inflammatory response in the vaginal lining. This inflammation makes vaginal tissues swollen, reddened, and delicate. Their increased fragility makes them susceptible to minor tears or abrasions, which can result in light spotting or bleeding.
Intense itching is a common symptom, and scratching the inflamed vulvar or vaginal area can cause small breaks in superficial blood vessels, leading to visible blood. Sexual activity can also irritate sensitive, inflamed vaginal tissues. Friction during intercourse can cause minor tearing or irritation, resulting in light bleeding afterward.
Inserting antifungal creams or suppositories, common treatments for yeast infections, can also lead to minor spotting. If vaginal tissues are inflamed and fragile, insertion can cause slight friction or trauma, especially if the applicator is not used gently. More pronounced or prolonged infections may lead to greater tissue damage and a higher probability of bleeding.
Accompanying Yeast Infection Symptoms
Beyond potential light bleeding, a vaginal yeast infection typically presents with other symptoms. Intense itching and irritation within the vagina and around the vulva are common. This persistent itching can significantly impact daily comfort and sleep.
The external genital area may show redness and swelling of the vulva. Vaginal pain and soreness are also common, ranging from a mild ache to discomfort during movement or pressure. A characteristic symptom is a thick, white vaginal discharge, often described as cottage cheese-like. This discharge is typically odor-free, distinguishing it from other vaginal infections.
Pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia) can also occur due to inflammation and irritation of vaginal tissues. A burning sensation during urination is another common complaint. This occurs when urine contacts inflamed, sensitive skin around the vulva, causing a stinging sensation.
When to Consult a Doctor
While light spotting can occur with a yeast infection, consult a healthcare provider if bleeding is more than light spotting, appears heavy, or persists for over a day or two. Seek medical attention if this is your first time experiencing yeast infection symptoms with bleeding, to ensure an accurate diagnosis and rule out other conditions.
Individuals with recurrent yeast infections (four or more within a year) should seek medical advice to explore underlying causes or different management strategies. Any unusual symptoms, such as discharge with a strong odor or unusual color, pelvic pain, or fever, warrant prompt medical evaluation. These might indicate a different type of infection or a more serious underlying condition. If uncertain about the cause of bleeding or other symptoms, consulting a healthcare provider is the most prudent step for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.