Psychological stress can cause an elevation in body temperature, a phenomenon medically termed “psychogenic fever.” This condition arises when emotional or mental distress triggers an increase in core body temperature without any underlying infection or inflammatory process.
The Biological Connection Between Stress and Body Temperature
The human body regulates temperature, with the hypothalamus in the brain acting as its central thermostat. When psychological stress occurs, the body initiates a “fight-or-flight” response, activating the sympathetic nervous system. This activation leads to the release of stress hormones, such as cortisol and adrenaline, influencing the hypothalamus.
These hormones can prompt an increase in core body temperature by influencing the body’s heat production. This process is distinct from how the body generates a fever in response to an infection, as it does not involve inflammatory mediators. Acute, sudden stress can cause a transient temperature increase, reaching as high as 41°C (105.8°F). Conversely, prolonged or chronic stress can lead to a persistent low-grade temperature elevation, which may last for months or even years.
Identifying a Psychogenic Fever
Recognizing a psychogenic fever involves observing its characteristics, which differ from those caused by an infection. A key indicator is the absence of typical illness symptoms like coughing, sore throat, or widespread body aches. Medical tests, such as blood work, will generally not show signs of inflammation or infection when a psychogenic fever is present.
Unlike fevers stemming from infection, a psychogenic fever often does not respond to over-the-counter fever-reducing medications, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen. Diagnosis occurs after other medical causes for the elevated temperature have been ruled out by healthcare professionals. Individuals may also experience symptoms like fatigue, headaches, or a faster heart rate, often accompanied by feelings of anxiety or nervousness during fever episodes.
Managing and Resolving a Stress-Induced Fever
Addressing a stress-induced fever primarily involves managing the underlying psychological stress rather than focusing solely on the elevated temperature. Since the fever is a symptom of stress, reducing emotional distress is the most direct path to resolution. Various techniques can help calm the nervous system and lower stress levels.
Practices such as deep-breathing exercises, meditation, and mindfulness can promote relaxation and help regulate the body’s response to stress. Engaging in light physical activity, like walking or yoga, can also release tension and improve well-being. Establishing healthy lifestyle habits, including adequate sleep, a balanced diet, and proper hydration, supports the body’s ability to cope with stress. If the fever remains persistently high, is accompanied by other severe symptoms, or if there is any uncertainty regarding its cause, consulting a healthcare professional for evaluation is advisable.