Sinus inflammation, or sinusitis, occurs when tissues lining the air-filled spaces around the nose and in the skull become swollen or inflamed. These sinuses, normally air-filled, can block and fill with fluid due to infections (viruses, bacteria, fungi) or allergies. Dizziness describes sensations like feeling faint, lightheaded, unsteady, or a spinning sensation (vertigo).
How Sinus Inflammation Can Cause Dizziness
The connection between inflamed sinuses and dizziness lies in their anatomical proximity to the inner ear, which helps maintain balance. Sinus inflammation can cause pressure to build up in the head, which may extend to the inner ear. This pressure can affect the vestibular system in the inner ear, responsible for interpreting movement and spatial awareness. When the vestibular system receives altered signals due to this pressure, it can disrupt balance and lead to dizziness.
Inflamed sinuses can also impact the Eustachian tubes, small passages connecting the middle ear to the back of the throat. These tubes equalize air pressure in the middle ear and drain fluid. When sinus congestion or inflammation blocks these tubes, it can disrupt pressure equalization, leading to a feeling of fullness or pressure in the ears, causing dizziness or balance issues. Severe inflammation or infection can spread to the inner ear, further disrupting the vestibular system, possibly causing more pronounced dizziness or vertigo.
Identifying Sinus-Related Dizziness
Dizziness from sinus issues often accompanies other sinus inflammation symptoms. These commonly include nasal congestion, facial pressure or pain around the forehead, nose, or eyes, and post-nasal drip. Headaches worsening with bending or movement are also common. Many also report ear fullness, a clogged sensation, or mild hearing changes from pressure imbalance.
Sinus-related dizziness is often described as lightheadedness, unsteadiness, or being off-balance. While true spinning vertigo can occur, especially if the inner ear is significantly affected, a general sense of disequilibrium is more common. This dizziness may also be accompanied by nausea. The dizziness often improves as underlying sinus symptoms alleviate.
Seeking Professional Medical Advice
Consult a healthcare professional if dizziness is severe, persistent, or worsening, especially if it interferes with daily activities. Seek medical attention if dizziness accompanies other concerning symptoms like high fever, vision changes, severe headache, numbness, or weakness. These symptoms could indicate conditions beyond sinus issues.
A doctor can diagnose the cause through examination and, if needed, recommend tests like a CT scan to visualize sinus cavities. This determines if sinus inflammation is the underlying cause. Appropriate treatment for the sinus issue, ranging from medication for inflammation or infection, is then recommended. Addressing the root cause of the sinus problem often resolves the associated dizziness.