A lipoma is a common, non-cancerous growth of fatty tissue that develops just beneath the skin. These soft, movable lumps typically feel rubbery and are usually painless. While they can appear anywhere, lipomas are most frequently found on the back, torso, arms, shoulders, and neck.
The Likelihood of Lipomas Returning
True recurrence of a lipoma at the exact same site after complete surgical removal is uncommon. When a lipoma is fully excised, including its fibrous capsule, the chance of it regrowing in that specific spot is low, typically ranging from 1% to 5%. However, new lipomas can develop in different areas, or even near the original site, which can be mistaken for a recurrence. This distinction is important, as a new lipoma does not necessarily mean the previous removal was unsuccessful.
Individuals who have had one lipoma may develop others over time. This tendency for new growths is often linked to an individual’s predisposition rather than a failure of the initial removal procedure. The development of new lipomas is a separate event from the regrowth of a previously treated one.
Reasons for Apparent Recurrence or New Growths
One reason a lipoma might appear to “return” at the same location is incomplete surgical removal. If any fatty tissue or part of the lipoma’s capsule is left behind during the procedure, those remaining cells can potentially grow, leading to a seeming recurrence. This is particularly relevant for larger lipomas or those in complex anatomical areas where complete excision can be challenging.
A significant factor in developing new lipomas is genetic predisposition. Some individuals inherit a tendency to form multiple lipomas, a condition known as familial multiple lipomatosis. This inherited disorder results in numerous benign fatty tumors across the body. Genetic factors play a role in their development, particularly when multiple growths are present.
Certain health conditions can also contribute to the formation of multiple lipomas. The appearance of new lipomas in different locations is common for individuals with such predispositions, highlighting that the body’s overall propensity to form these growths continues even after one is removed.
What to Do About Recurring or New Lipomas
If a lump appears in the same area where a lipoma was removed, or if new lumps develop elsewhere, consult a healthcare professional. A medical evaluation helps determine the nature of the growth and rule out other conditions. While lipomas are benign, a lump that changes in size, becomes painful, or feels hard or fixed should always be checked to ensure it is not a more serious issue, such as a liposarcoma, a rare type of cancer.
A healthcare provider can perform an examination and may recommend imaging tests, such as an ultrasound or MRI, or a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. If the growth is a lipoma, removal options can be discussed. Surgical removal is a common approach, considered for cosmetic concerns, discomfort if the lipoma presses on nerves, or if there is uncertainty about the diagnosis.
The decision to remove a lipoma is often based on its impact on daily life or for diagnostic clarity, rather than a medical necessity if it is asymptomatic. Most lipomas do not require treatment. If removal is chosen, the procedure is typically straightforward and performed on an outpatient basis.