Humira (adalimumab) is a biologic medication that targets specific parts of the immune system to treat various autoimmune conditions. These conditions include rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriatic arthritis, and plaque psoriasis. This article explores fatigue as a potential side effect of Humira and other contributing factors.
Understanding Fatigue as a Side Effect
Fatigue is a recognized, though not always common, side effect associated with Humira. While some sources indicate it is not a common side effect, patient reports sometimes list tiredness as a concern. It is important to note that individual responses to medication can vary significantly. If fatigue becomes severe, persistent, or is accompanied by other symptoms, it could indicate an underlying issue. This may include an an infection, as Humira can weaken the immune system, or, rarely, liver problems. Monitoring for such symptoms and discussing them with a healthcare provider is important.
How Humira Could Contribute to Fatigue
Humira works by blocking Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a protein that plays a significant role in inflammation. In conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and Crohn’s disease, elevated TNF-alpha levels contribute to inflammation, pain, and tissue damage. By binding to TNF-alpha and preventing its interaction with cell receptors, Humira reduces the inflammatory response. While the primary goal of blocking TNF-alpha is to reduce inflammation, this modulation of the immune system can sometimes affect energy levels. TNF-alpha itself has been linked to fatigue, with studies showing increased levels in conditions like chronic fatigue syndrome. However, the exact mechanism by which blocking this protein might lead to fatigue as a side effect is not fully understood, or how the body adjusts to this change in inflammatory signaling. Some patients report feeling tired after injections, with effects potentially lasting several days.
Other Factors Causing Fatigue for Humira Users
The conditions Humira treats often cause significant fatigue as a symptom of the disease itself. For example, fatigue is a common and often debilitating symptom for individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis also experience fatigue, even during periods of remission. Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis also frequently present with fatigue.
Beyond the underlying disease, other factors can contribute to fatigue for anyone, including those on Humira. These include poor sleep patterns, chronic pain, stress, and mental health conditions like depression and anxiety, which are often co-occurring with autoimmune diseases. Nutritional deficiencies, such as low iron (anemia) or vitamin B12 deficiency, are also common in inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease and can lead to tiredness. Certain medications, other than Humira, might also contribute to fatigue.
Strategies for Managing Fatigue
Discuss fatigue with a healthcare provider. They can help differentiate between disease-related fatigue, medication side effects, or other potential causes. They might investigate issues like infections, liver function, or nutritional deficiencies through blood tests.
Lifestyle adjustments can also help manage fatigue. Establishing a consistent sleep schedule and ensuring adequate rest, typically seven to nine hours per night, is beneficial. Engaging in regular, gentle physical activity, such as walking or yoga, can boost energy levels over time, even though it may seem counterintuitive. Maintaining a balanced diet rich in whole foods, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins, while staying hydrated, provides the body with necessary nutrients. Stress management techniques, such as meditation or deep breathing, can also contribute to improved energy. Do not adjust medication dosages without consulting a doctor.