Dental fillings are restorative materials used by dentists to repair teeth damaged by decay, also known as cavities. They fill in areas of missing tooth structure, restoring the tooth’s shape and function. This treatment helps prevent further decay by sealing off the affected area from bacteria and food particles.
Understanding Cavities Near Fillings
While the filling material itself is not susceptible to decay, a new cavity can develop in the natural tooth structure around or underneath an existing dental filling. This phenomenon is often referred to as “secondary decay” or “recurrent decay.” It occurs when bacteria infiltrate the space between the filling and the tooth, leading to deterioration. This decay can arise over time, even in a previously treated tooth.
Reasons for Cavity Formation
Several factors contribute to the formation of new cavities around or under existing fillings. One common reason is the development of marginal gaps, which are tiny spaces between the edge of the filling and the tooth surface. These gaps can arise due to wear on the filling, material shrinkage, or initial placement imperfections. Once these openings exist, they create pathways for bacteria and food particles to accumulate, initiating decay in the underlying tooth structure.
Another factor is wear on the filling, leading to chipping or a compromised seal. Inadequate oral hygiene, such as insufficient brushing and flossing, also allows plaque and bacteria to build up around the filling’s margins. This bacterial accumulation can lead to decay on any tooth surface, including those adjacent to a filling. New cavities can also form in a different, previously unaffected part of the tooth near the existing restoration.
Identifying and Addressing New Cavities
New cavities near fillings can sometimes be detected by signs like sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods, or experiencing pain when biting down. Visible signs such as cracks, discoloration, or a change in the filling’s appearance can indicate a problem. Dentists identify these issues through regular dental check-ups, including visual inspection and X-rays to spot hidden decay.
Treatment for a new cavity involves removing the old filling and the newly decayed tooth structure. The area is then thoroughly cleaned, and a new filling is placed to restore the tooth. If decay is extensive and compromises a significant portion, a dental crown might be necessary for strength and protection. Maintaining consistent oral hygiene practices, including daily brushing and flossing, alongside regular dental visits, is key to preventing recurrent decay.