Diarrhea, characterized by loose, watery stools, is a common digestive issue. Hemorrhoids are swollen veins located in the rectum or around the anus, causing discomfort, itching, and bleeding. This article explores the connection between diarrhea and hemorrhoids, explaining how diarrhea can influence their development or worsening, and provides guidance on managing diarrhea to help prevent them.
Understanding Haemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids, sometimes called piles, are cushions of tissue containing blood vessels, connective tissue, and muscle found in the anal canal. This tissue becomes problematic when its veins swell or become inflamed. Hemorrhoids can form inside the rectum, known as internal hemorrhoids, or under the skin around the anus, called external hemorrhoids.
Internal hemorrhoids are typically painless because they are located above a line in the anal canal that lacks pain-sensing nerves. However, they may bleed, often appearing as bright red blood. External hemorrhoids, situated in the highly sensitive skin surrounding the anus, are more likely to cause pain, itching, or a hard, tender lump. Causes of hemorrhoids include straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation, prolonged sitting, pregnancy, and heavy lifting.
How Diarrhea Contributes to Haemorrhoids
Diarrhea contributes to the development or worsening of hemorrhoids. Frequent bowel movements lead to increased pressure and repeated irritation of the anal and rectal area. This repeated passage of watery stools inflames blood vessels and tissues, causing them to swell.
The stool itself, especially if acidic due to rapid transit, can be irritating to the sensitive anal lining. This chemical irritation further inflames the area, making veins more susceptible to swelling. The increased frequency and urgency of bowel movements also lead to more vigorous or frequent wiping, which can physically irritate the perianal skin and hemorrhoids. Chronic or severe diarrhea poses a greater risk for hemorrhoid formation and aggravation compared to short-term episodes.
Managing Diarrhea to Prevent Haemorrhoids
Effectively managing diarrhea reduces the risk of developing or worsening hemorrhoids. Dietary adjustments play a role in regulating bowel movements. Increasing soluble fiber intake, found in foods like oats, barley, fruits, and vegetables, can help absorb excess water and add bulk to stools, making them less watery and easier to pass. Staying well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water is also important, as dehydration can sometimes exacerbate diarrhea.
Over-the-counter medications offer relief for diarrhea symptoms. Loperamide works by slowing bowel movements, reducing the frequency and urgency of stool passage. Bismuth subsalicylate is another option which lessens inflammation in the intestines. During episodes of diarrhea, gentle hygiene practices also help; using soft, moist toilet paper or a bidet instead of dry, abrasive paper prevent further irritation to the anal area. Warm sitz baths also soothe discomfort and reduce swelling.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Seek medical advice for persistent diarrhea or hemorrhoid symptoms. Consult a healthcare provider if diarrhea lasts for more than two days without improvement, or if it is accompanied by signs of dehydration such as excessive thirst, dry mouth, or reduced urination. Severe abdominal or rectal pain warrants immediate medical attention.
Blood in the stool, especially if significant, dark red, or tar-like, requires medical evaluation, as it may indicate a more serious underlying condition. If hemorrhoid symptoms persist for more than a week despite home remedies, or if a prolapsed hemorrhoid does not retract on its own, consult a doctor. Consulting a healthcare professional ensures an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan, as symptoms can overlap with other health issues.