Cortisone shots are a common medical treatment that can alleviate pain and reduce inflammation in specific areas of the body. These injections deliver a dose of corticosteroid medication, which mimics cortisol, a hormone naturally produced by the adrenal glands. Healthcare providers use cortisone shots to treat various inflammatory conditions, including arthritis, bursitis, and tendinitis, by calming the immune system’s response in the targeted area.
Cortisone Shots and Digestive Effects
Diarrhea is not a commonly reported side effect of cortisone shots, but it is a possible, though infrequent, reaction. Corticosteroids, the active components in these injections, can influence various bodily systems, including the gastrointestinal tract. While localized injections aim to minimize systemic effects, some absorption into the bloodstream can occur, potentially impacting digestive function.
Corticosteroids can affect the gut through several mechanisms, such as altering fluid and electrolyte balance within the intestines. They might also influence gut motility. Studies on systemic corticosteroids suggest they can affect intestinal transit time or gastric emptying, potentially leading to digestive symptoms.
Corticosteroids regulate the body’s immune response, which can indirectly influence the gut environment. While these effects are typically mild with injected cortisone compared to oral corticosteroids, individual sensitivities vary. If diarrhea occurs, it is considered an uncommon systemic response to the medication.
Other Potential Side Effects
Cortisone shots can cause various other side effects, most of which are temporary and localized to the injection site. Common reactions include temporary pain, swelling, or bruising where the needle was inserted. Some individuals may experience a “cortisone flare,” a brief increase in pain or inflammation for up to two days after the injection.
Beyond the injection site, systemic effects can occur, though often mild and short-lived. These may include a temporary rise in blood sugar levels, especially for individuals with diabetes, and facial flushing or redness. Other potential, less common systemic effects can involve changes in skin color or thinning around the injection site, insomnia, or a temporary increase in appetite.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Contact a healthcare provider if you experience any concerning symptoms after a cortisone shot. Seek medical attention for severe or persistent diarrhea, particularly if it leads to signs of dehydration such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or significantly decreased urination. These symptoms can indicate a more serious issue requiring prompt evaluation.
If you develop a fever, severe abdominal pain, or notice worsening redness, swelling, or pain at the injection site that lasts more than 48 hours, consult your doctor. Any symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face or throat, also warrant immediate medical attention. This information serves as general guidance and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.