Anastrozole is a medication commonly prescribed to postmenopausal women for the treatment of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. A frequent question is whether Anastrozole can cause urinary tract infections (UTIs). This article explores the relationship between Anastrozole and UTIs, explaining how the medication might indirectly influence susceptibility to these infections.
Understanding Anastrozole
Anastrozole is an aromatase inhibitor that reduces estrogen in the body, particularly in postmenopausal women. Estrogen can stimulate the growth of hormone receptor-positive breast cancers. Anastrozole inhibits the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens into estrogen. By lowering estrogen levels, Anastrozole helps slow or stop the growth of these cancer cells.
Anastrozole’s Influence on UTI Risk
Anastrozole does not directly cause urinary tract infections. However, its mechanism of action, which significantly reduces estrogen levels, can indirectly increase susceptibility to UTIs. In postmenopausal women, estrogen maintains the health and integrity of vaginal and urethral tissues. These tissues rely on adequate estrogen for elasticity, lubrication, and thickness.
When estrogen levels are lowered by Anastrozole, these tissues can become thinner, drier, and more fragile, a condition known as vaginal atrophy. This thinning and dryness can affect the urethra and bladder, making them more vulnerable to bacterial adherence and infection. Estrogen deprivation can also alter the vaginal microbiome, decreasing beneficial lactobacilli bacteria. This shift can allow an overgrowth of other bacteria, including those associated with UTIs.
Identifying Urinary Tract Infections
Common indicators of a UTI include a frequent and urgent need to urinate, often with small amounts of urine passed. Individuals may also experience a burning sensation or pain during urination (dysuria). Other signs can involve cloudy urine, strong-smelling urine, or pelvic pain or discomfort in the lower abdomen or back. In some instances, blood may be visible in the urine, or individuals might feel generally unwell, tired, or achy.
Steps to Take for UTI Concerns
If you are taking Anastrozole and suspect a urinary tract infection, contact a healthcare provider. A medical professional can diagnose a UTI, often through a urine test, and determine the appropriate treatment. UTIs are typically treated with antibiotics; complete the full course of medication as prescribed, even if symptoms improve quickly. Ignoring symptoms or delaying treatment can lead to more severe infections, such as kidney infections.
Certain self-care measures can support recovery and help prevent future infections. Drinking plenty of fluids, especially water, can help flush bacteria from the urinary tract. Practicing proper hygiene, such as wiping from front to back after using the toilet, also helps prevent bacteria from entering the urethra. Discussing all medications, including Anastrozole, and any new or worsening symptoms with your doctor ensures comprehensive care.