Bumblebees, fuzzy and buzzing, are familiar garden visitors. They play a significant role in pollinating various plants. While generally perceived as gentle, bumblebees can sting.
Understanding Bumblebee Stings
Only female bumblebees, including queens and worker bees, have a stinger. Male bumblebees (drones) do not have stingers. The stinger of a female bumblebee is smooth and lacks barbs, unlike the barbed stinger of honeybees. This smooth design allows a bumblebee to withdraw its stinger after use, enabling it to sting multiple times.
Bumblebees primarily use their stingers as a defense mechanism. When a bumblebee stings, it injects venom, causing immediate, sharp pain. This is often followed by localized swelling, redness, and itching at the sting site. These reactions subside within a few hours, though swelling and itching may persist for a day or two.
Responding to a Sting
If stung, move away from the area to prevent additional stings. Remaining calm is also recommended. Clean the affected area thoroughly with soap and water to prevent infection. Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the sting site can reduce swelling and discomfort. Elevating the stung limb, if applicable, can also help with swelling.
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can manage the pain. Antihistamines may also alleviate localized swelling and itching. Seek medical attention if signs of a severe allergic reaction, known as anaphylaxis, develop. These signs include difficulty breathing, widespread hives, swelling of the face or throat, dizziness, a rapid pulse, or a sudden drop in blood pressure. Medical consultation is also advisable if symptoms worsen or do not improve after several days.
Bumblebee Temperament
Bumblebees are docile and non-aggressive insects. They sting only when provoked, threatened, or if their nest is disturbed.
To avoid stings, observe bumblebees from a distance and avoid sudden movements or swatting. Wearing shoes outdoors, avoiding strong perfumes, and being mindful of their presence around flowers can help prevent encounters.
These fuzzy insects are important pollinators for a wide variety of plants, including fruits, vegetables, and wildflowers. Their ability to forage in cooler temperatures and their “buzz pollination” method make them effective at their work. Understanding their gentle nature and contribution to ecosystems fosters respectful coexistence.