Benazepril is a medication frequently prescribed in veterinary medicine, particularly for dogs. It belongs to a class of drugs known as Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. This medication works by relaxing blood vessels, which helps to improve overall cardiovascular function in canines.
Conditions Benazepril Treats
Benazepril manages various cardiovascular and renal conditions in dogs. It treats congestive heart failure by reducing the heart’s workload. The drug achieves this by stopping the body from producing angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure.
It is also prescribed for hypertension (high blood pressure), as it effectively lowers blood pressure. Additionally, Benazepril aids in managing chronic kidney disease, especially protein-losing kidney disease. It improves kidney function and reduces protein loss in the urine.
Dosage Guidelines and Administration
A veterinarian determines the appropriate dosage of benazepril for dogs; never administer it without consultation. A typical starting dose ranges from 0.12 to 0.25 mg per pound (0.25 to 0.5 mg/kg) of body weight, given orally once or twice daily. For conditions like heart failure, proteinuria, or hypertension, the dosage generally falls within the 0.25–0.5 mg/kg range.
Benazepril can be given with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, administering it with food may help. Administer benazepril at the same time each day to maintain stable blood levels.
If a dose is missed, give it as soon as remembered. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular schedule. Do not give two doses at once. Benazepril is available in 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg tablet strengths, and in compounded forms like flavored tablets or oral liquids.
Important Considerations and Side Effects
While generally safe when prescribed, benazepril can cause side effects. Common reactions include vomiting, diarrhea, and lack of appetite. Some dogs may experience weakness due to low blood pressure, as the medication relaxes blood vessels.
Less commonly, benazepril may affect kidney blood supply, potentially leading to kidney issues. This is more frequent in dogs on higher doses, those also taking diuretics like furosemide, or with pre-existing kidney disease. Discuss all other medications, including vitamins and supplements, and any existing medical conditions with the veterinarian before starting benazepril.
Certain substances interact negatively with benazepril. Avoid potassium-rich foods (e.g., bananas, blueberries) and potassium supplements, as they can elevate potassium levels. Do not give benazepril within 36 hours of other blood pressure medications. Regular veterinary check-ups and blood tests are necessary to monitor treatment response and kidney function. Never give human medication to pets, nor should pet medication be ingested by humans.