Snakes are present in Atlanta, inhabiting various environments across the metropolitan area. The city’s diverse landscape, including abundant green spaces, expansive parks, and suburban developments, provides suitable habitats for a variety of snake species. These reptiles are an integral part of the local ecosystem, contributing to the balance of nature.
Non-Venomous Snakes You Might See
Atlanta’s environment supports several non-venomous snake species frequently encountered by residents. The Eastern Garter Snake is a common sight, typically measuring 18 to 26 inches long, though some reach up to 49 inches. These slender snakes are often green, gray, or brown with distinct yellow stripes. They prefer moist environments like grasslands or areas near water, often hiding under logs or debris, and consume earthworms, slugs, frogs, and toads.
The Black Rat Snake can grow quite large, sometimes exceeding six feet. These shiny black snakes have subtle white-edged blotches and are highly arboreal, climbing trees, barns, and old buildings in pursuit of mice, rats, bats, and birds. The Corn Snake, with its orange or reddish-brown coloration and black-edged patterns, also inhabits Atlanta. Measuring 30 to 48 inches, Corn Snakes are skilled climbers often found in dry woodlands, pine forests, and human structures, where they prey on small rodents and birds. These non-venomous snakes are beneficial for natural pest control.
Identifying Venomous Snakes
While Georgia is home to six venomous snake species, the Copperhead and Timber Rattlesnake are most consistently found in the Atlanta area. Cottonmouths are generally not found within the city proper, and Coral Snakes are rare in North Georgia. Understanding the characteristics of these two prevalent venomous species is important for safety.
The Eastern Copperhead is the most common venomous snake encountered in Atlanta. It has distinctive hourglass-shaped bands that are wider on the sides and narrower along the top of its back, resembling a Hershey’s Kiss. Copperheads are pit vipers, characterized by a triangular head, elliptical pupils, and heat-sensing pits between their eyes and nostrils. Juvenile Copperheads have bright yellow-green tail tips, which fade as they mature. Although their bites are painful, they are rarely fatal to healthy adults but can pose a more serious threat to children, the elderly, or those with compromised health.
Timber Rattlesnakes are larger and stouter, reaching up to 70 inches. Their coloration varies, with a tan, gray, or pale yellow base and dark brown to black cross-bands, often forming a zigzag pattern. They have a segmented rattle at the end of their tail, used as a warning when disturbed. These snakes prefer more rugged and wooded habitats. Recognizing these features helps distinguish venomous snakes from their non-venomous counterparts.
Living Safely Alongside Snakes
Coexisting safely with snakes in Atlanta involves preventive measures and knowing how to react during an encounter. Around homes and yards, maintaining a tidy environment significantly reduces snake appeal. Regularly mowing grass, removing piles of leaves, rocks, and logs, and keeping shrubbery trimmed back from foundations eliminates hiding spots and reduces prey availability. Sealing cracks and openings in foundations, around pipes, and under doors can prevent snakes from entering homes or other structures.
If a snake is observed, leave it undisturbed and maintain a safe distance. Snakes are generally not aggressive and will only strike if threatened or cornered. Approaching, attempting to handle, or trying to harm a snake can provoke a defensive bite. If you hear the distinctive rattle of a rattlesnake, slowly back away from the sound.
When a snake poses a direct threat, such as being inside a living space or an area frequented by children or pets, professional assistance may be necessary. Contacting local animal control or a qualified wildlife removal service is the appropriate course of action. They have the expertise and equipment to safely remove the snake without harming it or putting people at risk. Never attempt to capture or kill a snake yourself, as this increases the likelihood of a bite.