Cape Cod Bay is home to sharks. Their presence is a notable aspect of the region’s ecosystem. Understanding why sharks are found here and how to safely share the waters is important.
Shark Species in Cape Cod Bay
The great white shark is the most frequently observed species in Cape Cod Bay. These predators are seasonal visitors, present from June to mid-December, peaking between August and October.
Cape Cod’s waters host a variety of other shark species. These include the basking shark, known for its large size but docile, plankton-feeding nature, and the sand tiger shark. Other species include shortfin makos, blue sharks, and various dogfish. The porbeagle shark is unique among these, as it is the only species found in Cape Cod waters year-round.
Factors Attracting Sharks to the Bay
The primary reason for great white sharks in Cape Cod Bay is the thriving seal population. Gray and harbor seals, protected since 1972, have seen a significant resurgence along the New England coast. These seals serve as a major food source for great white sharks.
Warming ocean temperatures also play a role in shark migration. Sharks follow their prey and seek suitable water temperatures. Cape Cod’s coastal topography, with its sandbars and shallow shoals, makes seals accessible to hunting sharks. As both shark and seal populations have recovered, Cape Cod has become a predictable aggregation site for great white sharks in the western North Atlantic.
Minimizing Risk in Shark Waters
While shark encounters remain uncommon, precautions are advisable when entering Cape Cod waters. Staying close to shore is recommended, as sharks often hunt for seals in shallow areas. Swimming in groups rather than alone can reduce individual risk.
Avoid areas where seals are present, as they attract sharks. Limit splashing and avoid swimming during dawn or dusk, when sharks are often more active. Be aware of surroundings and avoid murky or low-visibility water, which can make it difficult to spot sharks or for sharks to differentiate humans from prey. Heed local advisories and understand beach flag warning systems.
Ongoing Monitoring and Conservation
Several organizations monitor shark populations and promote public safety in Cape Cod. The Atlantic White Shark Conservancy (AWSC), with the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries (DMF), conducts research, including tagging sharks to track movements. Over 250 great white sharks have been tagged since 2010, providing valuable data on behavior and habitat use.
Technological advancements support monitoring efforts, with acoustic receivers deployed along the coast to detect tagged sharks and provide real-time alerts. This information is disseminated through platforms like the Sharktivity app, informing beach staff and the public about shark sightings. Researchers also utilize drones and advanced sensors, including cameras, to observe sharks and understand their ecosystem interactions. These efforts aim to enhance public safety and understanding of these marine animals.