Rattlesnakes are present in Wyoming, making it important for residents and visitors to understand these reptiles. They inhabit various landscapes across the state. Knowing about their presence and behaviors helps in safely coexisting with them.
Rattlesnake Species and Habitats in Wyoming
Wyoming is home to two species of rattlesnakes, with the Prairie Rattlesnake being the most common and widely distributed. This species occurs across much of the state, primarily east of the Absaroka and Wind River Mountain Ranges. Prairie Rattlesnakes are typically found at lower elevations and in foothills, generally below 2,100 meters (7,000 feet), though they can occasionally be observed up to 2,750 meters (8,400 feet). Their habitats include grasslands, shrublands, woodlands, riparian areas, and rock outcroppings.
The Prairie Rattlesnake uses natural features for shelter, such as rock crevices, brushy vegetation, and small mammal burrows. They are frequently seen in prairie dog towns, where prey is abundant. Their distribution covers most counties east of the Continental Divide, extending into Carbon County west of the Divide.
A second, more geographically restricted species found in Wyoming is the Midget Faded Rattlesnake. This rattlesnake is primarily located in Sweetwater County, particularly around the Flaming Gorge area in southwestern Wyoming. Its preferred habitats include rock outcrops, desert and sagebrush shrublands, and juniper woodlands. The Midget Faded Rattlesnake typically occupies elevations below 2,133 meters (7,000 feet).
Staying Safe Around Rattlesnakes
Encountering a rattlesnake in Wyoming requires awareness and adherence to safety measures. When exploring outdoor areas, wearing over-the-ankle boots, thick socks, and loose-fitting long pants offers protection. Stick to established trails and avoid walking through tall grass, dense weeds, or heavy underbrush where snakes might be hidden. Always watch where you step and avoid placing hands or feet into areas you cannot visually inspect, such as rock crevices or under logs.
If a rattlesnake is encountered, remain calm and maintain a safe distance. Rattlesnakes are generally defensive, using their rattle as a warning. Do not attempt to harass, handle, or kill the snake, as these actions increase the likelihood of a bite. Quietly back away, allowing it space to retreat.
In the rare event of a rattlesnake bite, immediate medical attention is necessary. Call 911 or emergency services without delay. While waiting for medical help, remain calm to help prevent venom from circulating rapidly. Remove any jewelry or tight clothing from the bitten limb to accommodate swelling, and keep the bitten area still, if possible, below the level of the heart. Avoid common misconceptions such as cutting the wound, attempting to suck out venom, applying ice, or using a tourniquet, as these actions are not effective and can cause further harm.