Owls, with their silent flight and nocturnal habits, are present in Chicago and its surrounding natural areas. Several species thrive within this urban landscape, offering a unique opportunity for wildlife observation.
Common Owl Species
Chicago is home to several owl species, some residing year-round, others seasonally. The Great Horned Owl is a large raptor, recognized by its prominent ear tufts and deep “hoo-hoo-hoo-hoo-hoo” call. Measuring 18 to 25 inches long with a 48 to 62-inch wingspan, these adaptable owls thrive in various habitats from woodlands to urban parks, found throughout Chicago as permanent residents.
Another common resident is the Eastern Screech-Owl, a smaller species, 6 to 10 inches tall with a wingspan up to 24 inches. They exhibit red (rufous) and gray color variations, providing excellent camouflage. Despite their name, their call is a descending whinny or tremolo, not a screech.
The Barred Owl, recognized by its dark eyes and distinctive “Who cooks for you? Who cooks for you-all?” hoot, is also a permanent Illinois resident. These medium-sized owls, 18 to 22 inches long, have brown and white mottled plumage with vertical belly stripes. They prefer mature forests, often near water, and can be found in larger parks and forest preserves.
Prime Viewing Locations and Ethics
Owls can be found in Chicago’s extensive network of natural spaces, including large parks, nature preserves, and wooded areas, especially within the Cook County Forest Preserves. Lincoln Park and forest preserves along the Des Plaines River are known to host owls. Finding these camouflaged birds requires patience and adherence to ethical viewing practices.
When observing owls, maintain a respectful distance. If an owl frequently looks in your direction or changes behavior, you are too close. Use binoculars or a spotting scope for clear views without disturbance. Stay on established trails and avoid entering open areas where an owl might be hunting.
Owl welfare takes precedence over observation or photography. Avoid flash photography, especially after dark, as it disrupts their sensitive vision. Never disturb nests or roosting sites, and refrain from using audio playback to attract owls, which causes undue stress. These wild animals need space to hunt and rest undisturbed.
Seasonal Patterns and Activities
Owl visibility in Chicago changes with the seasons due to their life cycles and environmental factors. Many species, including Great Horned Owls, become more vocal and active during late fall and winter as they begin courtship and nesting. Great Horned Owls are among the earliest nesting birds, with females laying eggs as early as January. This increased vocalization makes them easier to locate by sound.
While most owls are primarily nocturnal, some species like the Short-eared Owl are crepuscular, active at dawn and dusk. Others, such as Barred Owls and Snowy Owls, can be active during the day, particularly when food is scarce or during winter irruptions. Snowy Owls, which breed in the Arctic, occasionally migrate south to Chicago in winter, often seen along the lakefront or in open fields. Deciduous trees losing leaves in fall and winter also improve visibility, making it easier to spot roosting owls hidden by dense foliage during warmer months.