Presence and Distribution
Moose are present in Washington State. While not historically abundant, their numbers have grown, leading to more frequent sightings.
Presence and Distribution
Moose in Washington are primarily found in the northeastern part of the state, particularly within the Selkirk and Kettle Mountains. These counties, including Pend Oreille, Stevens, Ferry, and Spokane, host the majority of the state’s moose. These areas offer suitable habitat: forested landscapes with abundant alders, willows, and other woody vegetation, plus access to water sources like streams, ponds, and wetlands.
While the northeastern region is their stronghold, moose have expanded their range into other areas. Smaller populations exist in the North Cascades and Okanogan regions. Sightings have occurred further west, including near Mount Rainier National Park in 2022, indicating gradual expansion. Moose prefer dense vegetation, clear-cuts, and burns that offer saplings and brush for browsing, along with necessary cover and water access.
Population Growth and Management
Moose populations in Washington State have experienced significant growth since the mid-20th century. While early records of moose in the state were scarce, by the 1970s, a well-established resident population of approximately 60 animals was documented in Pend Oreille County. This population expanded naturally, primarily from neighboring Idaho and British Columbia, where the Shira’s subspecies of moose is prevalent.
The population continued to increase, reaching an estimated 850-1,000 animals over the subsequent three decades, and their range expanded considerably. A 2016 estimate placed the moose population in the core northeastern region at approximately 5,000 animals. The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) actively monitors these populations using various methods, including GPS collaring and aerial surveys, to assess survival rates, movement patterns, and habitat use. These efforts help wildlife managers ensure population sustainability and inform limited hunting opportunities.
Encountering Moose
Encountering a moose in Washington State requires awareness and respectful behavior due to their large size and potential for defensive actions. It is important to maintain a significant distance from these animals; the National Park Service recommends at least 25 yards. If a moose appears disturbed by your presence, you are likely too close and should slowly back away.
Moose can exhibit warning signs if agitated, such as flattening their ears, raising the hair on their hump, grunting, or stomping their feet. If a moose charges, running away and seeking cover behind a solid object like a tree or vehicle is advisable. Cows with calves are particularly protective, especially in early summer, and bull moose can be more aggressive during the fall breeding season. It is illegal to feed moose in Washington, as this can lead to habituation and negative interactions.