Moose are a prominent part of Alaska’s wildlife. These impressive animals, the largest members of the deer family, are an iconic presence across the Alaskan landscape. Their sheer size and distinctive appearance make them a remarkable sight.
Where Alaskan Moose Roam
Moose are widespread throughout Alaska, inhabiting diverse environments from the southeastern panhandle to the Arctic Slope. They are commonly found in boreal and mixed deciduous forests, along major river valleys, and in wetlands. Recently burned areas also provide suitable habitat, as they promote the growth of dense willow, birch, and aspen shrubs, which are a primary food source.
With an estimated population of 175,000 to 200,000 individuals, moose can be encountered in many parts of the state. While often concentrated along major rivers like the Yukon, they also adapt to urban environments, sometimes wandering into city streets. Moose undertake seasonal movements, traveling anywhere from a few miles to 60 miles between their summer and winter ranges, seeking optimal foraging conditions and shelter.
Distinctive Features of Alaskan Moose
The Alaskan moose, Alces alces gigas, is the largest subspecies of moose globally. Adult males, or bulls, can reach a shoulder height of six to seven feet and weigh between 1,200 and 1,600 pounds. Females, or cows, are slightly smaller, typically weighing 800 to 1,300 pounds.
A male’s antlers are a notable feature, growing annually and capable of spanning up to seven feet across, sometimes weighing 70 pounds. Alaskan moose possess long legs, which aid their movement through deep snow and allow them to browse on tall vegetation. They also have a distinctive dewlap, a fold of skin hanging beneath their chin. Their diet primarily consists of woody vegetation like willow, birch, and aspen twigs, along with aquatic plants, sedges, and forbs.
Living Alongside Alaskan Moose
Interacting with Alaskan moose requires awareness and respect. While generally not aggressive, moose can become defensive if threatened. This is particularly true during calving season in late spring and early summer when cows protect their young, or during the fall rut when bulls can be agitated. Maintaining a safe distance, at least 50 feet, is important to avoid startling them.
Signs that a moose may be agitated include laid-back ears, raised hair on its hump, stomping feet, or grunting. If a moose charges, seek cover behind a sturdy object like a tree or vehicle, or run away. If knocked down, curl into a ball and protect your head, remaining still. For wildlife viewing, observe moose from a distance with binoculars and avoid sudden movements, allowing for appreciation without disturbing them.