Loons are found in Oregon. While not typically breeding residents across the state, several species regularly visit Oregon’s waters, providing opportunities for observation. Their presence is primarily seasonal, as many loons migrate to coastal areas or large inland lakes for the non-breeding months.
Loons Found in Oregon
Oregon hosts several loon species. The Common Loon (Gavia immer) is a frequent visitor, observed as a common to abundant transient along the Oregon coast and occasionally on larger freshwater bodies. Pacific Loons (Gavia pacifica) are known for significant migratory flights along the coast. Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellata) are abundant nearshore transients. The Yellow-billed Loon (Gavia adamsii) is a rare transient.
Where to Spot Loons in Oregon
Loons can be found in various aquatic habitats across Oregon. Coastal waters, estuaries, and bays are prime locations for observing these birds, with areas like Yaquina Bay, Tillamook Bay, Netarts Bay, and Charleston Harbor noted for sightings. Large freshwater lakes and reservoirs also attract loons, including those in the Cascade Lakes region, Wickiup Reservoir, and Suttle Lake. The Columbia River, especially from the ocean to Portland, can also yield loon sightings.
Seasonal Presence of Loons
The presence of loons in Oregon is highly seasonal, mainly centered around migration and wintering periods. Common Loons are common migrants and winter residents along the coast and on large inland lakes. Their migration to southern wintering grounds typically begins in late August and early September for adults, with juveniles following in early November. Pacific Loons exhibit dramatic migrations, with thousands flying along the Oregon coast each spring and fall, often peaking in April, May, and October. Red-throated Loons are abundant from fall through spring along the nearshore coast, while Yellow-billed Loons are rare transients, primarily recorded from early November to early June.
Conservation and Ethical Viewing
Loons require healthy aquatic ecosystems and face several threats, including habitat loss, pollution, and disturbance from human activities. Oil spills pose a significant danger to loons, especially in their marine wintering areas. Entanglement in fishing lines and lead poisoning from tackle are also serious concerns.
Ethical viewing practices are important to minimize disturbance to these birds. Observers should maintain a distance of at least 200 feet from loons, particularly near nests or during sensitive behaviors. Avoiding loud noises, refraining from chasing birds, and using non-lead fishing tackle contribute to their well-being. Responsible boating, by minimizing wakes and slowing down near loons, helps prevent injury and nest abandonment.