Coyotes are indeed present in Illinois, making their presence known across the entire state. These adaptable animals are a common element of Illinois’ wildlife, coexisting with human populations in various environments. Understanding their habits and how to safely share space with them can help foster a more harmonious relationship.
Widespread Presence
Coyotes are found throughout all 102 counties of Illinois, showcasing their adaptability. They inhabit rural farmlands and woodlands, suburban neighborhoods, and even highly urbanized areas like Chicago.
These canids resemble a medium-sized dog, typically weighing 20 to 40 pounds, though some can reach 55 pounds. Their fur color ranges from gray to yellow-gray, often with black-tipped guard hairs or a reddish tinge. Coyotes have pointed noses, erect ears, and bushy tails, held low when running. Their eyes are distinctly yellow, unlike most dogs.
Living with Coyotes
Coyotes are timid animals that avoid human contact. They are most active during dusk until dawn, but may be seen during daylight, especially when hunting for pups in spring. Coyotes are opportunistic feeders, with their diet primarily consisting of small rodents, rabbits, and other small mammals. They also consume fruits, berries, insects, and carrion. Studies in urban areas show small rodents are the main food source for urban coyotes, with domestic cat remains found in less than two percent of scat.
To minimize potential conflicts, secure attractants around your home. Keep garbage in tightly sealed containers, as coyotes are drawn to rodents feeding on trash. Remove pet food and water bowls from outdoors daily, and clean up any fallen fruit from trees. Trimming dense vegetation around your property can also discourage coyotes from seeking shelter there.
When encountering a coyote, reinforce their natural fear of humans. Do not run; instead, make yourself appear larger by yelling, waving your arms, or throwing small objects towards them to scare, not injure. This practice, known as hazing, deters them from approaching. Supervise small pets outdoors, especially at night, and consider fencing or kennel runs for protection. Keeping cats indoors and walking dogs on leashes can also reduce risks.
Reporting coyote sightings alone is not necessary, as seeing them is a normal occurrence in Illinois. However, if a coyote exhibits unusual behavior, such as appearing sick, injured, or aggressive towards humans or pets, contact local authorities like animal control or the Illinois Department of Natural Resources. These agencies can assess the situation and determine if intervention is needed.