Houston, Texas, is home to alligators. The city’s extensive network of bayous, wetlands, and waterways provides a suitable habitat for American alligators. These reptiles are an integral part of the local ecosystem.
Where Alligators Are Found
Alligators primarily inhabit natural freshwater environments within and around Houston, including bayous like Buffalo Bayou, White Oak Bayou, and Sims Bayou, as well as rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetland areas. They are commonly seen in Buffalo Bayou, even near downtown, and in areas like George Bush Park and drainage areas near Hobby Airport. Brazos Bend State Park, about an hour southwest of Houston, is known for its large alligator population, offering frequent sightings.
While alligators mostly reside in natural habitats, occasional sightings in developed areas or residential canals can occur. This is especially true during heavy rain, drought, or breeding season (spring and summer), when alligators might travel for new water sources or mates. Smaller alligators may also be pushed out of their usual territories by larger ones, leading them to explore new areas.
Living Safely Near Alligators
Coexisting safely with alligators requires understanding their behavior and taking preventative measures. Alligators generally have a natural fear of humans and retreat when approached. However, they can become accustomed to people, especially if fed, which can make them lose their natural shyness and become dangerous. Intentionally feeding a free-ranging alligator is against state law, a Class C misdemeanor punishable by a fine of up to $500.
Maintain a safe distance of at least 30 feet from alligators. Supervise children and pets closely near water bodies, as pets, particularly dogs, can resemble natural prey. Avoid swimming or allowing pets to swim in known alligator areas, especially during dusk, dawn, or night, when alligators are most active in feeding. If an alligator hisses, it indicates you are too close, and you should slowly back away.
Legal Protections and Public Action
American alligators are a protected game animal in Texas, and specific regulations govern interactions with them. It is unlawful to kill, harass, injure, molest, or possess an alligator without proper permits. These actions are against state law and can result in significant penalties.
If an alligator poses a threat to public safety, such as blocking a road, showing aggression, or frequenting a public swimming area, it may be deemed a “nuisance alligator.” A nuisance alligator is defined as one that is killing livestock or pets, or presents a threat to human health or safety. In such cases, contact the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) law enforcement communications center. It is important to differentiate between a nuisance alligator and one simply basking or moving through its natural habitat, as TPWD typically only removes alligators that pose an obvious threat.