Earwigs are common insects recognized by their distinctive pincer-like appendages, called cerci, at the end of their abdomens. While their appearance can seem intimidating, earwigs are generally not dangerous to humans. They are nocturnal creatures that prefer moist environments and are often found in gardens, under rocks, or in decaying wood. Despite their appearance, earwigs are considered nuisance pests rather than a threat to human health.
Are Earwigs Dangerous to Humans?
The primary concern about earwigs stems from their prominent pincers. These cerci are used for defense, grasping prey, and mating. While an earwig can pinch if threatened or handled, it rarely breaks human skin. The pinch is not painful or venomous. If skin is broken, it’s a minor scratch that can be cleaned with soap and water.
Earwigs do not bite humans or transmit diseases. Unlike other insects, earwigs do not spread pathogens to people. The folklore that earwigs crawl into ears and lay eggs is a myth with no scientific basis. Their name likely originated from old English terms referring to an “ear wiggler” or “ear creature,” contributing to this misconception.
Potential for Property and Garden Damage
Earwigs are omnivores, feeding on plant and animal matter. In gardens, they primarily act as scavengers, consuming decaying plant material and small insect pests like aphids, mites, and insect eggs, which can be beneficial. However, in large populations, they can occasionally damage tender plants, seedlings, soft fruits like strawberries and apricots, or flowers such as dahlias and marigolds. Their feeding damage often appears as irregular holes on leaves, similar to slug damage but without the slime trail.
While earwigs prefer moist outdoor environments, they may enter homes seeking shelter or moisture, especially during dry or cold weather. They enter through cracks around foundations, windows, or doors. Once indoors, they are usually a nuisance rather than causing significant damage, though they might chew on damp fabrics or pantry items. Earwigs rarely thrive indoors because the environment is too dry for them.
Managing Earwigs Around Your Home
To prevent earwigs from becoming a nuisance, focus on reducing moisture and eliminating entry points around your home. Repair leaky pipes and faucets, ensure proper drainage away from the foundation, and clear gutters regularly. Removing piles of leaves, wood, and other debris near the house also reduces their hiding spots. Sealing cracks and gaps in your home’s foundation, around doors and windows, and in crawl spaces helps block their access.
For earwigs already present, simple non-toxic removal methods are effective. Vacuuming them up is a safe and easy approach. Simple traps, such as rolled-up damp newspapers or shallow dishes filled with vegetable oil or soapy water, can also capture them. Professional pest control is generally not necessary unless there is a severe, persistent infestation that cannot be managed through these preventative and simple removal techniques.