Cavity fillings are a common dental procedure that restores a tooth affected by decay. This involves removing the decayed portion and filling the space with a restorative material. After a filling, some discomfort is expected. Understanding normal post-filling sensations versus signs of a problem is helpful.
Normal Post-Filling Sensations
Following a cavity filling, various mild sensations are commonly experienced as the tooth recovers and adjusts to the new material. Sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures, as well as air, often occurs because the drilling process can temporarily irritate the pulp, the soft tissue inside the tooth. This irritation can lead to a heightened response from nerve endings within the tooth structure. Such sensitivity is typically sharp and short-lived, subsiding within a few seconds.
Mild soreness when biting down or chewing is also a common occurrence. This can be due to slight inflammation in the surrounding gum tissue or the tooth adjusting to the new bite surface created by the filling. These normal sensations typically improve gradually over a few days to approximately two weeks.
When Pain Indicates a Problem
Certain types of pain or symptoms following a filling may indicate a complication requiring dental attention. Persistent, throbbing pain that does not subside or worsens over time suggests a deeper issue, possibly involving pulp irritation or inflammation (pulpitis). If the filling is too high, it can cause pain when biting down, creating uneven force on the tooth. This may feel like pressure or a sharp pain when teeth come together.
Pain that spreads to other teeth, or is accompanied by swelling around the filled tooth, could signal an infection. An allergic reaction to the filling material can also occur, leading to symptoms like rash or itching, though this is uncommon. Secondary decay, which is new decay forming around or under an existing filling, can also cause renewed pain, indicating the need for further evaluation.
Managing Post-Filling Discomfort
For expected, normal discomfort after a filling, several strategies can help alleviate symptoms. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can manage mild pain and reduce inflammation in the surrounding tissues. Always follow dosage instructions. Avoiding extremely hot or cold foods and beverages can also minimize temperature sensitivity.
Chewing on the opposite side of the mouth for a few days allows the filled tooth time to settle and reduces immediate pressure on the newly placed material. Incorporating a desensitizing toothpaste into your daily oral hygiene routine may help reduce sensitivity over time. Maintaining good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, is important to prevent further issues and support the overall health of the tooth.
When to Contact Your Dentist
While some post-filling discomfort is expected, certain signs warrant prompt contact with your dentist. You should reach out if the pain does not improve after a few weeks, or if it becomes severe or worsens. Swelling around the filled tooth, or a fever, could indicate an infection requiring immediate attention. Any persistent pain when biting down that does not resolve with time, or if the filling feels too high, should also be reported. If the filling comes out entirely or a piece breaks off, contact your dentist immediately to prevent further tooth damage.