Aglaonema, commonly known as Chinese Evergreen, is a favored houseplant admired for its vibrant and diverse foliage, ranging from deep greens to reds and pinks. Its relatively easy maintenance makes it suitable for both novice and experienced plant enthusiasts.
Essential Aglaonema Care
Aglaonema plants thrive with specific environmental conditions that mimic their native tropical habitats, ensuring robust growth and vibrant foliage.
Light Requirements
Aglaonemas generally prefer bright, indirect light, such as a few feet from a north or east-facing window. While they adapt to lower light, growth may slow, and variegation might fade. Avoid direct afternoon sunlight, which can scorch leaves.
Watering Practices
Proper watering is crucial; Aglaonemas do not tolerate consistently soggy soil. Allow the top 50% of the soil to dry before watering. Water thoroughly until it drains from the pot’s bottom, then discard excess water from the saucer to prevent root rot.
Soil Mix
A well-draining, aerated soil mix prevents waterlogging and promotes healthy root development. An ideal blend includes peat moss or coco coir for moisture retention, mixed with perlite or pumice for drainage. Bark chips and organic matter like compost can enhance structure and provide nutrients. The soil should be lightweight for proper air and water flow to the shallow root system.
Temperature and Humidity
Aglaonemas prefer consistent warm temperatures, ideally 65°F to 80°F (18°C to 27°C). Keep them away from cold drafts or temperatures below 55°F (12°C), which can stress the plant. They thrive in moderate to high humidity. Increase humidity by placing the plant on a pebble tray, grouping plants, or using a humidifier.
Fertilizing
During spring and summer, fertilize monthly with a general-purpose houseplant fertilizer diluted to half strength. Alternatively, use slow-release pellets twice a year. Reduce or stop fertilizing in fall and winter when growth slows. Over-fertilization can cause nutrient burn, so follow dilution instructions and ensure soil is moist before application.
Repotting and Pruning Aglaonema
Periodic repotting and targeted pruning contribute to Aglaonema’s long-term health and aesthetic appeal, supporting continued growth.
When and How to Repot
Repot Aglaonemas every two to three years, or when root-bound. Signs include roots emerging from drainage holes, circling the soil surface, or slowed growth. Repot in spring or early summer during active growth for easier recovery. Choose a new pot one to two inches larger with drainage holes. Gently remove the plant, inspect and trim damaged roots, then place it in the new pot with fresh, well-draining soil.
Pruning for Health
Prune Aglaonemas by removing dead, yellowing, or damaged leaves to redirect energy to new growth. This also helps maintain shape and encourages a bushier appearance. Use clean, sharp scissors or shears to cut undesirable leaves close to the stem base. Minor pruning can be done year-round, but significant shaping is best in spring and summer.
Troubleshooting Common Aglaonema Problems
Aglaonemas can exhibit symptoms signaling underlying care issues. Early identification helps prompt resolution.
Yellowing Leaves
Yellowing leaves are common. Overwatering often causes waterlogged soil and root rot, leading to yellowing, especially on older leaves. Insufficient light or nutrient deficiencies, like nitrogen, can also cause yellowing. Adjust watering, ensure adequate indirect light, and consider balanced fertilizer to address these issues.
Brown Leaf Tips or Edges
Brown leaf tips or edges often indicate insufficient humidity, causing margins to dry and crisp. Underwatering also leads to brown, crispy leaves. Other factors include fluoride in tap water or salt accumulation from over-fertilization. Increase humidity, ensure consistent watering, and use filtered water to alleviate symptoms.
Drooping Leaves
Drooping leaves signal a water balance problem. Underwatering causes wilting and limp leaves. Overwatering also leads to drooping, but leaves may feel soft or mushy, often with yellowing from root rot. Cold drafts or sudden temperature fluctuations can also cause drooping. Check soil moisture, adjust watering, and ensure stable temperatures.
Pests
Aglaonemas are susceptible to common houseplant pests like spider mites (yellow spots, webbing), mealybugs (white, cottony masses), and scale insects (small, hard bumps). Regularly inspect the plant, especially leaf undersides, for early detection. Organic treatments include wiping pests with rubbing alcohol, using insecticidal soap, or applying neem oil spray.