Tiger Eye Sumac (Rhus typhina ‘Bailtiger’) is a deciduous shrub or small tree known for its striking ornamental features. Its deeply cut, chartreuse-to-gold foliage turns vibrant orange, red, and purple in autumn. Its unique form and velvety branches make it a popular landscape plant, leading many to ask about its growth.
Understanding Tiger Eye Sumac Growth
Tiger Eye Sumac grows at a moderate to fast rate, typically adding 1 to 3 feet of height annually under favorable conditions. It generally reaches a mature height of 6 to 10 feet with a similar spread. Its overall size and growth speed are influenced by environmental factors and care.
The plant grows as an upright, spreading shrub that can become a small, multi-stemmed tree. Its distinctive, slightly contorted branches create a unique silhouette, especially in winter.
Factors Influencing Growth
Sunlight
Optimal growth for Tiger Eye Sumac requires full sun exposure, meaning at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. In less sunny locations, growth can slow, and foliage color may be less intense. Adequate light maximizes vigor and aesthetic appeal.
Soil
The type of soil also plays a role in the plant’s growth performance. Tiger Eye Sumac adapts to a range of soil types, but it thrives in well-drained conditions. Soils that retain too much moisture, or are extremely heavy and compacted, can impede root development and consequently slow down the plant’s growth. Adequate drainage is important for a healthy root system.
Watering
While established Tiger Eye Sumac plants demonstrate considerable drought tolerance, consistent moisture during their initial establishment period supports more robust growth. Providing regular watering during the first year after planting, and during prolonged dry spells or extreme heat, can promote a more vigorous growth rate. However, overwatering should be avoided to prevent root issues.
Hardiness Zones
The plant is hardy in USDA Zones 4 through 8, indicating its tolerance to specific temperature ranges. Growing Tiger Eye Sumac outside these recommended zones can reduce its vigor and growth potential, as it may struggle with extreme cold or heat. Within its suitable zones, the plant generally performs well.
Managing Growth and Spread
Pruning
Pruning in late winter or early spring, before new growth, controls the size and shape of Tiger Eye Sumac. This practice manages its height and width, keeping it proportionate, and allows for the removal of dead or damaged branches, maintaining health and appearance.
Suckering
Sumacs, including Tiger Eye, tend to produce suckers from their root systems. These new shoots emerge from the ground away from the main plant, causing gradual spread. Promptly remove suckers by cutting them back to the ground as they appear.
Strategic Placement
Consider strategic placement when planting Tiger Eye Sumac to accommodate its mature size and suckering tendency. Planting it where its spread can be tolerated or naturally contained simplifies long-term management. Root barriers can also restrict underground runner growth.