The ‘Howard Plant’ refers to Begonia ‘Howardianum’, a popular houseplant valued for its distinctive foliage and straightforward care. Its unique leaf characteristics and adaptability make it a sought-after addition for indoor plant enthusiasts. This guide provides insights into cultivating and maintaining a thriving Begonia ‘Howardianum’.
Identifying Your Howard Plant
Confirming you have Begonia ‘Howardianum’ involves observing its unique leaf attributes. This plant typically features lance-shaped or pointed leaves up to 6 inches long. Foliage often displays a dark green hue with striking lighter veins or undersides, sometimes exhibiting a metallic sheen that enhances its visual appeal.
The texture of the leaves can be velvety or slightly hairy, further distinguishing it from other begonia varieties. Begonia ‘Howardianum’ is primarily grown for its unique foliage, not its flowers, though blooms may appear. Its compact, mounding habit with bold patterned foliage is characteristic of rhizomatous begonias, which Begonia ‘Howardianum’ is a type of.
Comprehensive Care Guide
Caring for Begonia ‘Howardianum’ involves understanding its environmental and nutritional requirements. Providing consistent conditions helps this foliage-focused plant thrive indoors.
Light Requirements
Begonia ‘Howardianum’ flourishes in bright, indirect light. An east or north-facing window is ideal, providing sufficient light without harsh direct sun. Direct sunlight, especially intense afternoon sun, can scorch delicate leaves. Conversely, insufficient light results in leggy growth and dull foliage. Rotate the pot every few weeks for even light exposure.
Watering Techniques
Consistent moisture is important for Begonia ‘Howardianum’, but avoid overwatering to prevent root rot. Allow the top inch or two of soil to dry between waterings. Water thoroughly at the base, ensuring drainage from the pot bottom. Avoid wetting foliage during watering to prevent fungal diseases.
Soil Mix and Potting
A well-draining, airy soil mix is suitable for Begonia ‘Howardianum’. A high-quality, often peat-based, all-purpose potting mix forms a good foundation. Incorporating perlite, coco coir, or peat moss improves drainage and aeration. For container-grown plants, adequate drainage holes are essential. When repotting, select a pot only one size larger than the current one.
Temperature and Humidity Needs
Begonia ‘Howardianum’ prefers consistent temperatures between 65-70°F (18-21°C). Temperatures below 55-60°F (13-16°C) are detrimental. High humidity is also beneficial, ideally 50-90%. In drier indoor environments, increase humidity by placing a pebble tray beneath the pot (not sitting in water), using a room humidifier, or grouping plants. Good air circulation is important to prevent fungal issues in humid conditions.
Fertilization Schedule
Begonia ‘Howardianum’ benefits from regular fertilization during its active growing season, typically spring and summer. A balanced liquid fertilizer (e.g., 20-20-20) diluted to half strength can be applied monthly or bi-weekly. Alternatively, a balanced slow-release granular fertilizer can be used monthly. Reduce or stop fertilizing in fall and winter when growth slows. Over-fertilization can cause crispy brown spots on leaves, indicating fertilizer burn.
Propagating New Howard Plants
Propagating Begonia ‘Howardianum’ is straightforward, with stem cuttings being a reliable method to create new plants.
Select a healthy stem 2-3 inches long. Make a clean cut just below a node. Remove leaves from the bottom half of the cutting. Dipping the cut end in rooting hormone is optional but can encourage root development.
Cuttings can be rooted in water or directly in a moist potting mix. If using water, place the cutting in a glass with water to cover the nodes, changing water weekly. For rooting in soil, prepare a small pot with moist, well-draining mix, insert the cutting, and firm the soil. Maintaining high humidity around cuttings improves success. Roots typically form within a few weeks.
Addressing Common Howard Plant Problems
Even with proper care, Begonia ‘Howardianum’ can encounter issues. Prompt identification and treatment restore the plant’s health.
Common pests include spider mites, mealybugs, and whiteflies. Spider mites cause stippling and webbing on leaves. Mealybugs appear as white, cotton-like masses. Whiteflies cause yellowing leaves and are visible flying around the plant. Insecticidal soap or neem oil manage infestations; isolate affected plants to prevent spread.
Fungal diseases like powdery mildew and root rot are also prevalent. Powdery mildew appears as white spots on leaves, thriving in damp conditions with poor air circulation. Root rot, often from overwatering, causes stunted growth, discolored roots, and wilting. Prevent these issues by avoiding overly wet soil and ensuring good air movement.
Removing infected parts and, in severe cases, using fungicides can help. Environmental stresses, such as leaf discoloration or droopy leaves, result from too much direct sun, underwatering, or low humidity. Adjusting light, maintaining consistent soil moisture, and increasing humidity resolve these issues.