Selaginella apoda, commonly known as Meadow Spikemoss, is a clubmoss, a primitive vascular plant that reproduces through spores rather than flowers or seeds. Often mistaken for a true moss, it is valued for its delicate, fern-like foliage and vibrant green appearance, making it a popular choice for terrariums and shaded indoor environments.
Creating the Ideal Environment
Light
Meadow Spikemoss prefers indirect, low to medium light. Direct sunlight can scorch leaves, causing browning. Ideal indoor placements include a north-facing window or a few feet from an east or west-facing window, providing bright but filtered light. Low light conditions are tolerable, though growth may be slower.
Watering
The soil for Selaginella apoda should remain consistently damp but never waterlogged, as this can lead to root rot. Allowing the plant to dry out causes browning. Using distilled water or rainwater avoids mineral buildup from tap water. Bottom watering, where the pot sits in a tray of water, helps ensure even moisture absorption without oversaturating the topsoil.
Humidity
High humidity is ideal for Meadow Spikemoss, with 75% or higher recommended. To increase humidity, place the plant on a pebble tray filled with water, use a room humidifier, or grow it in a closed terrarium. Grouping several plants together can also create a localized microclimate with higher humidity.
Temperature
Selaginella apoda grows best within 60-80°F (15-27°C). This plant is sensitive to sudden temperature fluctuations. Avoid placing it near drafts, heating vents, or air conditioning units.
Soil and Potting
The ideal potting mix for Meadow Spikemoss is well-draining yet moisture-retentive. A peat-based mix amended with perlite or vermiculite works well, preventing compaction and retaining moisture for the plant’s shallow root system. A pot with drainage holes is also important.
Nutrition and Maintenance
Fertilizing
Meadow Spikemoss is not a heavy feeder. During the active growing season (spring and summer), apply a diluted, balanced liquid fertilizer sparingly, typically once a month. Dilute the fertilizer to half or quarter strength to prevent chemical burn. Discontinue fertilizing during fall and winter dormancy.
Repotting
Repotting Selaginella apoda is infrequent, as it tolerates being somewhat root-bound. Repot only when the plant outgrows its container or the soil degrades. Select a container only slightly larger to avoid excessive soil moisture. Minimize root disturbance due to its delicate nature.
Propagation
Meadow Spikemoss can be propagated through division or stem cuttings. For division, separate a section with roots and stems, then plant it in new soil. For stem cuttings, select healthy, non-flowering stems and cut them into segments, ensuring each piece has a few leaves. Lay these segments on a moist, well-draining growing medium, maintaining high humidity to encourage rooting. Roots take several weeks to develop before new plants can be transferred.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
Browning or Crisping Leaves
Browning leaves are the most common issue, usually from insufficient humidity or inconsistent watering. Dry air causes foliage to desiccate. Increase humidity using a humidifier, terrarium, or pebble tray. Consistent watering is also important to keep soil evenly moist.
Pest Issues
Selaginella apoda is resistant to most common houseplant pests. However, in very dry conditions, spider mites can be an issue. If pests are observed, prompt treatment prevents widespread infestation. Apply gentle, non-toxic treatments like horticultural oil or insecticidal soap carefully to avoid damaging delicate foliage.